2024 年 5 月 12 日至 7 月 13 日,美国,在牛和家禽中暴发高致病性禽流感 A(H5N1)病毒及相关人类病例的同时,对甲型流感病毒和 H5 亚型进行废水监测。

Souci Louis,Miguella Mark-Carew,Matthew Biggerstaff,Jonathan Yoder,Alexandria B Boehm,Marlene K Wolfe,Matthew Flood,Susan Peters,Mary Grace Stobierski,Joseph Coyle,Matthew T Leslie,Mallory Sinner,Dawn Nims,Victoria Salinas,Layla Lustri,Heidi Bojes,Varun Shetty,Elisabeth Burnor,Angela Rabe,Guinevere Ellison-Giles,Alexander T Yu,Austin Bell,Stephanie Meyer,Ruth Lynfield,Melissa Sutton,Ryan Scholz,Rebecca Falender,Shannon Matzinger,Allison Wheeler,Farah S Ahmed,John Anderson,Kate Harris,Austin Walkins,Surabhi Bohra,Victoria O'Dell,Virginia T Guidry,Ariel Christensen,Zack Moore,Erica Wilson,Joshua L Clayton,Hannah Parsons,Krista Kniss,Alicia Budd,Jeffrey W Mercante,Heather E Reese,Michael Welton,Megan Bias,Jenna Webb,Daniel Cornforth,Scott Santibañez,Rieza H Soelaeman,Manpreet Kaur,Amy E Kirby,John R Barnes,Nicole Fehrenbach,Sonja J Olsen,Margaret A Honein
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引用次数: 0

摘要

作为应对美国牛和家禽中爆发的高致病性甲型禽流感(H5N1)病毒以及相关人类病例的措施之一,美国疾病预防控制中心及其合作伙伴正在监测甲型流感病毒水平以及废水中 H5 亚型的检测情况。在 2024 年 5 月 12 日至 7 月 13 日期间对废水进行了甲型流感检测的 48 个州和哥伦比亚特区中,38 个州平均每周有 309 个地点有足够的数据进行分析,4 个州的 11 个地点报告甲型流感病毒水平较高。41 个州的 203 个检测点进行了 H5 亚型检测,其中 9 个州的 24 个检测点检测到 H5 病毒。对于每一个检测到病毒或病毒含量较高的地点,疾病预防控制中心和各州及地方卫生部门都会评估来自其他流感监测系统的数据,并与污水处理设施和农业部门合作调查潜在的病毒来源。在废水中检测到甲型流感病毒含量较高的四个州中,有三个州从其他流感监测系统中获得了相应的人流感活动证据。在检测到 H5 病毒的 24 个地点中,有 15 个地点确定了下水道或邻近县的动物来源,其中包括 8 个牛奶加工厂。这些早期调查所获得的数据可以帮助卫生官员在即将到来的呼吸道疾病高发季节优化废水监测的使用。
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Wastewater Surveillance for Influenza A Virus and H5 Subtype Concurrent with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Outbreak in Cattle and Poultry and Associated Human Cases - United States, May 12-July 13, 2024.
As part of the response to the highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus outbreak in U.S. cattle and poultry and the associated human cases, CDC and partners are monitoring influenza A virus levels and detection of the H5 subtype in wastewater. Among 48 states and the District of Columbia that performed influenza A testing of wastewater during May 12-July 13, 2024, a weekly average of 309 sites in 38 states had sufficient data for analysis, and 11 sites in four states reported high levels of influenza A virus. H5 subtype testing was conducted at 203 sites in 41 states, with H5 detections at 24 sites in nine states. For each detection or high level, CDC and state and local health departments evaluated data from other influenza surveillance systems and partnered with wastewater utilities and agriculture departments to investigate potential sources. Among the four states with high influenza A virus levels detected in wastewater, three states had corresponding evidence of human influenza activity from other influenza surveillance systems. Among the 24 sites with H5 detections, 15 identified animal sources within the sewershed or adjacent county, including eight milk-processing inputs. Data from these early investigations can help health officials optimize the use of wastewater surveillance during the upcoming respiratory illness season.
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