{"title":"Fc 介导的抑制性抗体对 HIV 和 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的未预期保护功能。","authors":"Li-Yun Lin,Pierre Gantner,Shuang Li,Bin Su,Christiane Moog","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae464","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Developing effective vaccines is necessary in combating new virus pandemics. For HIV and SARS-CoV-2, the induction of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) is important for vaccine protection; however, the exact mechanisms underlying protection require further study. Recent data emphasize that even Abs that do not exhibit neutralizing activity may contribute to immune defense. Abs exhibiting this function may counter virus mutations, which are acquired to escape from NAbs, and therefore, broaden the protective Ab response induced by vaccination. However, the steps leading to Ab Fc-mediated inhibition are complex. How can these functions be measured in vitro? What inhibitory assay is the most physiologically relevant at mimicking effective in vivo protection? This review provides a comprehensive update on the current knowledge gaps on the Ab Fc-mediated functions involved in HIV and SARS-CoV-2 protection. Understanding the inhibitory effects of these Abs is vital for designing the next generation of protective HIV and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Unpredicted protective function of Fc-mediated inhibitory antibodies for HIV and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.\",\"authors\":\"Li-Yun Lin,Pierre Gantner,Shuang Li,Bin Su,Christiane Moog\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/infdis/jiae464\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Developing effective vaccines is necessary in combating new virus pandemics. For HIV and SARS-CoV-2, the induction of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) is important for vaccine protection; however, the exact mechanisms underlying protection require further study. Recent data emphasize that even Abs that do not exhibit neutralizing activity may contribute to immune defense. Abs exhibiting this function may counter virus mutations, which are acquired to escape from NAbs, and therefore, broaden the protective Ab response induced by vaccination. However, the steps leading to Ab Fc-mediated inhibition are complex. How can these functions be measured in vitro? What inhibitory assay is the most physiologically relevant at mimicking effective in vivo protection? This review provides a comprehensive update on the current knowledge gaps on the Ab Fc-mediated functions involved in HIV and SARS-CoV-2 protection. Understanding the inhibitory effects of these Abs is vital for designing the next generation of protective HIV and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.\",\"PeriodicalId\":501010,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"The Journal of Infectious Diseases\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"The Journal of Infectious Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae464\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae464","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
开发有效的疫苗对于抗击新的病毒大流行十分必要。对于艾滋病毒和 SARS-CoV-2 而言,诱导中和抗体(NAb)对疫苗保护非常重要;然而,保护的确切机制还需要进一步研究。最近的数据强调,即使不表现出中和活性的 Abs 也可能有助于免疫防御。具有这种功能的抗体可对抗病毒变异,而病毒变异是为了躲避 NAb 而获得的,因此可扩大疫苗接种诱导的抗体保护反应。然而,导致抗体 Fc 介导的抑制作用的步骤非常复杂。如何在体外测量这些功能?哪种抑制试验最能模拟有效的体内保护?本综述全面更新了目前有关参与 HIV 和 SARS-CoV-2 保护的 Ab Fc 介导功能的知识缺口。了解这些抗体的抑制作用对于设计下一代保护性 HIV 和 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗至关重要。
Unpredicted protective function of Fc-mediated inhibitory antibodies for HIV and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Developing effective vaccines is necessary in combating new virus pandemics. For HIV and SARS-CoV-2, the induction of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) is important for vaccine protection; however, the exact mechanisms underlying protection require further study. Recent data emphasize that even Abs that do not exhibit neutralizing activity may contribute to immune defense. Abs exhibiting this function may counter virus mutations, which are acquired to escape from NAbs, and therefore, broaden the protective Ab response induced by vaccination. However, the steps leading to Ab Fc-mediated inhibition are complex. How can these functions be measured in vitro? What inhibitory assay is the most physiologically relevant at mimicking effective in vivo protection? This review provides a comprehensive update on the current knowledge gaps on the Ab Fc-mediated functions involved in HIV and SARS-CoV-2 protection. Understanding the inhibitory effects of these Abs is vital for designing the next generation of protective HIV and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.