Predictors of Prolonged Hospital Stay After Microsurgery for Vestibular Schwannoma: Analysis of a Decade of Data.

Importance: Microsurgical resection is one of the treatments for vestibular schwannomas (VS). While several factors have been linked to increased length of stay (LOS) for VS patients undergoing microsurgery, a better understanding of these factors is important to provide prognostic information for patients.

Objective: Determine predictors of increased LOS for VS patients undergoing microsurgical resection.

Design: Retrospective analysis using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database from 2010 to 2020.

Setting: Database review.

Participants: All patients who underwent microsurgery (CPT codes 61520, 61526/61596) for the management of vestibular schwannoma (ICD9 and ICD10 codes 225.1, D33.3) were included.

Main outcomes and measures: Analyzing perioperative factors that can predict prolonged hospital stay.

Results: A total of 2096 cases were identified and 1,188 (57%) of these patients were female. The mean age was 51.0 ± 14.0 years. Factors contributing to prolonged LOS included African American race (OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.32-3.36, p = 0.002), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.09-4.4.11, p = 0.026), hypertension (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1-1.58, p = 0.046), functional dependency (OR = 5.22, 95% CI: 2.31-11.79, p = 0.001), prior steroid use (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.18-3.15, p = 0.009), ASA class III (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.18-3.6, p < 0.011), ASA class IV (OR = 6.34, 95% CI: 2.62-15.33, p < 0.001), and prolonged operative time (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.76-2.61). Microsurgery by a translabyrinthine (TL) approach compared to a retrosigmoid (RSG) approach had lower odds of prolonged LOS (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54-0.82, p < 0.001). In a separate analysis regarding patients receiving reoperation, operative time was the only predictor of prolonged LOS (OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.39-5.53, p = 0.004.).

Conclusions and relevance: Our analysis offers an analysis of the factors associated with a prolonged LOS for the surgical management of VS. By identifying healthcare disparities, targeting modifiable factors, and applying risk stratification based on demographics and comorbidities, we can work toward reducing disparities in LOS and enhancing patient outcomes.