[德国耐多药革兰氏阴性菌的重要性和流行率]。

Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1055/a-2283-6807
Niels Pfennigwerth, Sören Gatermann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

耐多药革兰氏阴性菌感染是德国诊所非常关注的问题。这些细菌极大地限制了治疗方案的选择,对患者的健康构成重大威胁,并给卫生系统和患者管理带来巨大压力。在德国,关于如何处理这些细菌的建议被称为 MRGN 分类,其中 3MRGN 和 4MRGN 指的是对三类或四类主要抗生素产生耐药性的细菌。要对大量抗生素产生耐药性并被归类为 3MRGN 或 4MRGN,细菌菌株需要获得多种耐药机制,其中最重要的是β-内酰胺酶,尤其是碳青霉烯酶。根据已有的监测系统(如国家报告系统、KISS 或国家参考资料中心),耐多药细菌在德国呈持续上升趋势。虽然最近批准了几种新的治疗方案,但这些细菌仍是一个持续的挑战,因此有必要讨论是否需要更新目前的卫生建议,以有效、有针对性地预防传播。
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[Importance and prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in Germany].

Infections with multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial species are a great concern in clinics in Germany. By limiting therapeutic options dramatically, these bacteria pose a significant threat to patient health and cause extensive pressure on hygiene systems and patient management. In Germany, the recommendations on how to deal with these bacteria are called MRGN classification, using the terms 3MRGN and 4MRGN for bacteria resistant to three or four major classes of antibiotics. To be resistant to this large number of antibiotics and become classified as 3MRGN or 4MRGN, bacterial strains need to acquire multiple resistance mechanisms with beta-lactamases, especially carbapenemases, being the most important ones. According to established surveillance systems like national reporting systems, KISS or the National Reference Centre, multidrug-resistant bacteria are constantly on the rise in Germany. Although several novel therapeutic options have been approved recently, these bacteria represent a constant challenge and it may be necessary to discuss if the present hygiene recommendations need an update for an efficient and targeted prevention of transmission.

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