2017-2021 年期间出生的 24 个月大儿童疫苗接种覆盖率 - 太平洋美属岛屿。

Ashley Tippins,E M Boyd,Kelsey C Coy,Glodi Mutamba,Jennifer L Kriss
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摘要

儿童疫苗接种是提高预期寿命、降低医疗成本和减少可预防疾病传播的最成功的公共卫生干预措施之一。利用来自辖区免疫信息系统的数据,我们估算了 2017-2021 年期间在美国所属太平洋岛屿出生的 24 个月大儿童中,辖区计划中所有疫苗的接种覆盖率。各辖区在实现美国 "2030 年健康人群 "和世界卫生组织 "2030 年免疫议程 "的疫苗接种目标(即 24 个月大时推荐疫苗的接种率≥90%)方面的进展并不一致。例如,在密克罗尼西亚联邦,24 个月大时接种≥1 剂麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗的覆盖率按出生组群从 68.2% 到 91.6% 不等,在帕劳从 87.4% 到 96.6% 不等;接种≥4 剂白喉和破伤风类毒素及无细胞百日咳疫苗 (DTaP) 的覆盖率在密克罗尼西亚联邦从 39.6% 到 60.6% 不等,在帕劳从 73.4% 到 85.4% 不等。截至 2024 年 6 月 1 日,所有辖区和出生组群中所有疫苗的接种率都有所上升,这表明 24 个月后的疫苗接种率有所提高。例如,按出生组群划分,到 2024 年 6 月 1 日,美属萨摩亚接种≥4 剂 DTaP 的覆盖率从 74.0% 到 84.4%,帕劳从 91.6% 到 94.8%。本报告是首次全面分析美属太平洋岛屿儿童疫苗接种覆盖率趋势的报告;本报告中的数据可用于确定在哪些方面需要做出更多努力,以评估儿童疫苗接种延迟的原因以及针对各辖区的缓解疫苗接种延迟的策略。
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Vaccination Coverage by Age 24 Months Among Children Born During 2017-2021 - U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands.
Childhood vaccination is one of the most successful public health interventions to improve life expectancy, decrease health care costs, and reduce the spread of preventable diseases. Using data from jurisdictional immunization information systems, vaccination coverage by age 24 months among children born during 2017-2021 in the U.S.-affiliated Pacific Islands was estimated for all vaccines included in jurisdictional programs. Progress toward the U.S. Healthy People 2030 and World Health Organization Immunization Agenda 2030 vaccination goals of ≥90% coverage by age 24 months with recommended vaccines was inconsistently met across jurisdictions. For example, coverage by age 24 months with ≥1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine ranged from 68.2% to 91.6% by birth cohort in Federated States of Micronesia and from 87.4% to 96.6% in Palau; coverage with ≥4 doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) ranged from 39.6% to 60.6% in Federated States of Micronesia and from 73.4% to 85.4% in Palau. Coverage as of June 1, 2024, increased for all vaccines across all jurisdictions and birth cohorts, indicating catch-up vaccination after age 24 months. For example, coverage with ≥4 doses of DTaP by June 1, 2024, ranged from 74.0% to 84.4% in American Samoa by birth cohort and from 91.6% to 94.8% in Palau. This report is the first comprehensive analysis of trends in childhood vaccination coverage in the U.S.-affiliated Pacific Islands; data in this report can be used to determine where additional efforts are needed to assess reasons for delayed vaccination of children and strategies to mitigate vaccination delays, specific to each jurisdiction.
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