Supporting Fathers in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: This scoping review explores the critical yet often overlooked role of fathers in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment, particularly during the emotionally tumultuous period following the birth of a critically ill infant.

Background: The birth of an infant significantly disrupts family dynamics and may impact the role of each parent. Fathers in the NICU are frequently overlooked, leading to feelings of isolation and stress. Fathers often face confusion, stress, and a sense of exclusion, which are compounded by the trauma of having a critically ill infant.

Discussion: Using the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis model, the authors identified 18 articles that provide guidance on potential solutions to supporting an inclusive NICU environment for families, including fathers. The articles also consider the need for staff and provider training for a sustainable and inclusive NICU environment. Outcomes from the scoping review highlight the need for inclusive support for fathers, emphasizing that their involvement is crucial for the well-being of the infant and the family.

Implications for practice: Creating a welcoming NICU environment, training staff to address fathers' needs, and providing flexible policies can improve paternal engagement. Effective communication and support systems, including peer-led groups, are vital.

Precis statement: Inclusive practices, better communication, and tailored support for fathers in the NICU can enhance paternal involvement and engagement.