你无法成为你看不到的人:女性在耳鼻咽喉头颈外科领域的发展。

Nicole G DeSisto, Rahul K Sharma, Elizabeth S Longino, Alexandra S Ortiz, Leslie R Kim, Sarah L Rohde, Shiayin F Yang
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摘要

目的研究美国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科住院医师培训项目中住院医师和教员的性别构成趋势,并调查女性担任领导职务的比例与女性教员和住院医师比例之间的相关性。研究方法:首先进行文献综述,分析耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(OHNS)住院医师培训项目中住院医师和教师的性别构成趋势。然后通过 "2023 年参与专业和项目电子住院医师申请服务 "网站确定了当前的住院医师项目。我们从每个项目的网站上收集了以下数据:相关医学院院长的性别、系主任的性别、住院医师培训项目主任的性别,以及奖学金主任、教员和住院医师的总人数和性别。使用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验和费舍尔精确检验分析担任领导职务的女性人数与女性教员和住院医师比例之间的关系。结果显示在过去的十年中,女性主席、住院医师项目主任、住院医师和教员的人数有所增加,这在已发表的文献中均有记载。我们确定了目前的 123 个住院医师培训项目。在目前的住院医师、住院医师项目主任、教员和系主任中,女性分别占 42%、30%、27% 和 8%。系主任的性别与女性教职员工的数量有明显的相关性(P = .01)。任何担任领导职务的女性都与女性教职员工百分比中位数的显著增加相关(P = .006)。结论有必要进一步了解女性导师如何促进性别平等,以促进 OHNS 的性别多样性。
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You Can't Be What You Can't See: The Progression of Women in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

Objective: To examine trends in the gender composition of residents and faculty in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery residency programs in the United States and to investigate the correlation between women's representation in leadership positions and the proportion of women faculty and residents. Methods: A literature review was first performed to analyze trends in the gender composition of residents and faculty in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) residency programs. Current residency programs were then identified using the Electronic Residency Application Service 2023 Participating Specialties and Programs website. The following data was collected from each program website: gender of associated medical school dean, gender of department chair, gender of residency program director, and total number and gender of fellowship directors, faculty, and residents. Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fischer's exact test were used to analyze relationships between the number of women in leadership positions and the proportion of women faculty and residents. Results: An increase in the number of women chairs, residency program directors, residents, and faculty over the past decade is documented across published literature. One hundred twenty-three current academic residency programs were identified. Women accounted for 42%, 30%, 27%, and 8% of current residents, residency program directors, faculty, and department chairs, respectively. Department chair gender was significantly correlated with number of women faculty (P = .01). Any women in a leadership position were correlated with a statistically significant increase in median percent of women faculty (P = .006). Conclusion: Further understanding of how the mentorship of women promotes gender equity is necessary to promote gender diversity in OHNS.

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