南非农村地区乳腺癌筛查的障碍和促进因素。

Nelisha Sarmah, Maureen N Sibiya, Thandokuhle E Khoza
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摘要

背景: 乳腺癌给南非医疗系统带来了沉重的负担,南非农村妇女往往在疾病晚期才被诊断出来。南非的农村地区被归类为低资源环境,医疗服务和基础设施有限。乳腺癌对南非农村社区的影响需要不断进行研究,以更好地了解这一疾病在最弱势人群中的严重性: 本研究旨在探讨南非农村妇女进行乳腺癌筛查的障碍和促进因素: 方法:采用探索性定性研究。对 22 名南非农村妇女进行了半结构化访谈。采用主题分析法对数据进行分析。本研究采用寻求护理行为理论作为理论框架: 结果:参与者指出了乳腺癌筛查的许多障碍,包括个人负担能力、交通、农村服务、基础设施、医疗专业人员的行为以及缺乏教育材料。结论:尽管乳腺癌筛查存在诸多障碍,但在南非农村地区进行乳腺癌筛查仍有许多可行的因素,包括乳腺癌宣传活动、健康教育、主要利益相关者的参与以及宣传材料: 尽管南非农村妇女在乳腺癌筛查方面面临诸多障碍,但仍有希望实施本研究中概述的各种宣传工具,并确保乳房自我检查成为一种可供选择的、负担得起的筛查方法:本文旨在促进可持续发展目标(SDG)3 的实现,该目标的重点是降低包括癌症在内的非传染性疾病的过早死亡率。
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Barriers and enablers to breast cancer screening in rural South Africa.

Background:  The breast cancer burden on the South African healthcare system is severe, with rural South African women often diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. South Africa's rural areas are classified as low-resource settings with limited medical services and infrastructure. The impact of breast cancer on rural communities in South Africa requires ongoing research to better understand the severity of this disease among one of the most vulnerable populations.

Objectives:  This study aimed to explore the barriers and enablers of breast cancer screening among rural South African women.

Method:  An exploratory qualitative study was utilised. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 22 rural South African women. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. This study utilised the care-seeking behaviour theory as its theoretical framework.

Results:  Participants identified many barriers to breast cancer screening, including individual affordability, transportation, rural services, infrastructure, health professional behaviour, and the lack of educational materials. Several factors are suggested to enable the screening of breast cancer in rural South Africa, including breast cancer campaigns, health education, the involvement of key stakeholders, and promotional materials.

Conclusion:  Despite the many barriers to breast cancer screening among rural South African women, there is still hope in implementing the various promotional tools outlined in this study and ensuring that breast self-examination is an alternative, affordable screening method.Contribution: The purpose of this article is to contribute to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, which focusses reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases, including cancer.

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