Karen Toledo-Stuardo, Carolina H Ribeiro, Fabiola González-Herrera, Douglas J Matthies, María Soledad Le Roy, Claudio Dietz-Vargas, Yesenia Latorre, Ivo Campos, Yuneisy Guerra, Samantha Tello, Valeria Vásquez-Sáez, Pedro Novoa, Nicolás Fehring, Mauricio González, Jose Rodríguez-Siza, Gonzalo Vásquez, Pamela Méndez, Claudia Altamirano, María Carmen Molina
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引用次数: 0
摘要
近十年来,单克隆抗体的生物技术发展及其在肿瘤学中的免疫治疗应用呈指数增长,已成为某些类型癌症的一线疗法。单克隆抗体的作用机制基于其调节免疫系统的能力,或与肿瘤细胞中过度表达、释放到细胞外环境中或参与肿瘤生长过程的靶点相互作用。此外,每个亚类抗体的固有特性都能通过激活抗体依赖性细胞毒性、补体依赖性细胞毒性和抗体依赖性细胞吞噬作用等机制,对肿瘤发挥特定的效应功能。单克隆抗体的合理设计和工程化改善了其药代动力学和药效学特征,从而优化了癌症患者的治疗方案,提高了临床疗效。免疫球蛋白 G 亚类的选择、对其可结晶区(Fc)的修饰以及与放射性物质或抗肿瘤药物的结合都可以提高治疗性抗体的抗肿瘤效果。本综述旨在深入探讨肿瘤学中使用的治疗性抗体的免疫学和药理学方面的问题,并通过合理的方法对这些生物工具进行分子修饰,从而提高它们在治疗癌症方面的疗效。
Therapeutic antibodies in oncology: an immunopharmacological overview.
The biotechnological development of monoclonal antibodies and their immunotherapeutic use in oncology have grown exponentially in the last decade, becoming the first-line therapy for some types of cancer. Their mechanism of action is based on the ability to regulate the immune system or by interacting with targets that are either overexpressed in tumor cells, released into the extracellular milieu or involved in processes that favor tumor growth. In addition, the intrinsic characteristics of each subclass of antibodies provide specific effector functions against the tumor by activating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, among other mechanisms. The rational design and engineering of monoclonal antibodies have improved their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features, thus optimizing the therapeutic regimens administered to cancer patients and improving their clinical outcomes. The selection of the immunoglobulin G subclass, modifications to its crystallizable region (Fc), and conjugation of radioactive substances or antineoplastic drugs may all improve the antitumor effects of therapeutic antibodies. This review aims to provide insights into the immunological and pharmacological aspects of therapeutic antibodies used in oncology, with a rational approach at molecular modifications that can be introduced into these biological tools, improving their efficacy in the treatment of cancer.
期刊介绍:
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy has the basic aim of keeping readers informed of the latest research results in the fields of oncology and immunology. As knowledge expands, the scope of the journal has broadened to include more of the progress being made in the areas of biology concerned with biological response modifiers. This helps keep readers up to date on the latest advances in our understanding of tumor-host interactions.
The journal publishes short editorials including "position papers," general reviews, original articles, and short communications, providing a forum for the most current experimental and clinical advances in tumor immunology.