Giovanni Paolino, Antonio Podo Brunetti, Carolina De Rosa, Carmen Cantisani, Franco Rongioletti, Andrea Carugno, Nicola Zerbinati, Mario Valenti, Domenico Mascagni, Giulio Tosti, Santo Raffaele Mercuri, Riccardo Pampena
{"title":"肛门直肠黑色素瘤:关于一种侵袭性黑色素瘤的现有文献的系统回顾。","authors":"Giovanni Paolino, Antonio Podo Brunetti, Carolina De Rosa, Carmen Cantisani, Franco Rongioletti, Andrea Carugno, Nicola Zerbinati, Mario Valenti, Domenico Mascagni, Giulio Tosti, Santo Raffaele Mercuri, Riccardo Pampena","doi":"10.1097/CMR.0000000000001003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is a rare malignancy often associated with a poor prognosis due to its late diagnosis and aggressive biological behavior. This review aims to comprehensively investigate ARM's diagnosis, management, and treatment, emphasizing its clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and implications for patient prognosis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from inception to 1 July 2024. This review synthesizes existing literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of this rare primary malignancy. A total of 110 articles reporting on 166 patients were included. Gender data were available for 131 cases, comprising 67 females (51.1%) and 64 males (48.9%). The median age was 66 years. The overall median time to diagnosis was 4 months for anal melanoma, 3 months for rectal melanoma, and 4 months for anorectal junction melanoma. The clinical presentation was nodular in 98.2% of cases. Pre-diagnosis symptoms included bleeding in 84.9% of cases, mucous elimination (6%), pain (68.7%), tenesmus (16.9%), and changes in bowel movements (28.5%). Overall survival (OS) was reported in 82 cases, with a median OS of 11 months: 11 months for anal melanoma, 7 months for rectal melanoma, and 12 months for anorectal junction melanoma. ARM is a rare and aggressive melanoma subtype often diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. A female predominance was observed, consistent with other mucosal melanomas. Anal melanoma exhibited better progression-free survival, and OS compared to rectal and anorectal junction melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":18550,"journal":{"name":"Melanoma Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524631/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Anorectal melanoma: systematic review of the current literature of an aggressive type of melanoma.\",\"authors\":\"Giovanni Paolino, Antonio Podo Brunetti, Carolina De Rosa, Carmen Cantisani, Franco Rongioletti, Andrea Carugno, Nicola Zerbinati, Mario Valenti, Domenico Mascagni, Giulio Tosti, Santo Raffaele Mercuri, Riccardo Pampena\",\"doi\":\"10.1097/CMR.0000000000001003\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is a rare malignancy often associated with a poor prognosis due to its late diagnosis and aggressive biological behavior. This review aims to comprehensively investigate ARM's diagnosis, management, and treatment, emphasizing its clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and implications for patient prognosis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from inception to 1 July 2024. This review synthesizes existing literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of this rare primary malignancy. A total of 110 articles reporting on 166 patients were included. Gender data were available for 131 cases, comprising 67 females (51.1%) and 64 males (48.9%). The median age was 66 years. The overall median time to diagnosis was 4 months for anal melanoma, 3 months for rectal melanoma, and 4 months for anorectal junction melanoma. The clinical presentation was nodular in 98.2% of cases. Pre-diagnosis symptoms included bleeding in 84.9% of cases, mucous elimination (6%), pain (68.7%), tenesmus (16.9%), and changes in bowel movements (28.5%). Overall survival (OS) was reported in 82 cases, with a median OS of 11 months: 11 months for anal melanoma, 7 months for rectal melanoma, and 12 months for anorectal junction melanoma. ARM is a rare and aggressive melanoma subtype often diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. A female predominance was observed, consistent with other mucosal melanomas. Anal melanoma exhibited better progression-free survival, and OS compared to rectal and anorectal junction melanoma.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18550,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Melanoma Research\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524631/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Melanoma Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/CMR.0000000000001003\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/10/4 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"DERMATOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Melanoma Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CMR.0000000000001003","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/10/4 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DERMATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
肛门直肠黑色素瘤(ARM)是一种罕见的恶性肿瘤,由于其诊断较晚且具有侵袭性生物学行为,通常预后较差。本综述旨在全面研究 ARM 的诊断、管理和治疗,强调其临床特征、实验室检查结果以及对患者预后的影响。我们在 PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane CENTRAL 数据库中进行了系统性的文献检索,检索时间从开始到 2024 年 7 月 1 日。本综述综合了现有文献,以全面了解这种罕见的原发性恶性肿瘤。共收录了 110 篇文章,报告了 166 名患者的情况。131例病例有性别数据,其中女性67例(51.1%),男性64例(48.9%)。年龄中位数为 66 岁。肛门黑色素瘤确诊时间的中位数为4个月,直肠黑色素瘤为3个月,肛门直肠交界处黑色素瘤为4个月。98.2%的病例临床表现为结节状。诊断前症状包括出血(84.9%)、粘液排出(6%)、疼痛(68.7%)、痛经(16.9%)和排便改变(28.5%)。82例病例的总生存期(OS)中位数为11个月:肛门黑色素瘤的中位生存期为11个月,直肠黑色素瘤为7个月,肛门直肠交界处黑色素瘤为12个月。ARM是一种罕见的侵袭性黑色素瘤亚型,通常在晚期确诊,预后较差。据观察,女性患者居多,这与其他粘膜黑色素瘤的情况一致。与直肠黑色素瘤和肛门直肠交界处黑色素瘤相比,肛门黑色素瘤的无进展生存期和OS较好。
Anorectal melanoma: systematic review of the current literature of an aggressive type of melanoma.
Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is a rare malignancy often associated with a poor prognosis due to its late diagnosis and aggressive biological behavior. This review aims to comprehensively investigate ARM's diagnosis, management, and treatment, emphasizing its clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and implications for patient prognosis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from inception to 1 July 2024. This review synthesizes existing literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of this rare primary malignancy. A total of 110 articles reporting on 166 patients were included. Gender data were available for 131 cases, comprising 67 females (51.1%) and 64 males (48.9%). The median age was 66 years. The overall median time to diagnosis was 4 months for anal melanoma, 3 months for rectal melanoma, and 4 months for anorectal junction melanoma. The clinical presentation was nodular in 98.2% of cases. Pre-diagnosis symptoms included bleeding in 84.9% of cases, mucous elimination (6%), pain (68.7%), tenesmus (16.9%), and changes in bowel movements (28.5%). Overall survival (OS) was reported in 82 cases, with a median OS of 11 months: 11 months for anal melanoma, 7 months for rectal melanoma, and 12 months for anorectal junction melanoma. ARM is a rare and aggressive melanoma subtype often diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. A female predominance was observed, consistent with other mucosal melanomas. Anal melanoma exhibited better progression-free survival, and OS compared to rectal and anorectal junction melanoma.
期刊介绍:
Melanoma Research is a well established international forum for the dissemination of new findings relating to melanoma. The aim of the Journal is to promote the level of informational exchange between those engaged in the field. Melanoma Research aims to encourage an informed and balanced view of experimental and clinical research and extend and stimulate communication and exchange of knowledge between investigators with differing areas of expertise. This will foster the development of translational research. The reporting of new clinical results and the effect and toxicity of new therapeutic agents and immunotherapy will be given emphasis by rapid publication of Short Communications. Thus, Melanoma Research seeks to present a coherent and up-to-date account of all aspects of investigations pertinent to melanoma. Consequently the scope of the Journal is broad, embracing the entire range of studies from fundamental and applied research in such subject areas as genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, cell biology, photobiology, pathology, immunology, and advances in clinical oncology influencing the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of melanoma.