Association of endoscopic findings and histological alterations in pediatric Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by chronic, transmural, and relapsing inflammation that can affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract, from the oral cavity to the anus (1). The clinicopathological association of various endoscopic abnormalities in CD is under study. An analytical study was conducted on patients under the age of 15 who underwent esophagoscopy and/or colonoscopy for suspected IBD at a pediatric hospital between 2015 and 2022 (Reg. No. 3318-0000206). Subjects with normal histopathological findings and those with a histological diagnosis of CD were included. The prevalence of different endoscopic alterations and their association with histopathological abnormalities were compared between patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and those with normal histology (NCD). Of the 502 endoscopies performed during this period, 22 subjects with CD and 14 children with NCD were included. Endoscopic normality, defined as the absence of mucosal abnormalities, was higher among NCD patients (43%), while the most prevalent macroscopic abnormality in CD patients was the presence of ulcers.