Judit Cos-Busquets, Rosa Maria Cabedo-Ferreiro, Liudmila Liutsko, Azahara Reyes-Lacalle, Rosa García-Sierra, Margalida Colldeforns-Vidal, Edilene Pereira Andrade, Mª Mercedes Vicente-Hernández, Miriam Gómez-Masvidal, Laura Montero-Pons, Pere Torán-Monserrat, Gemma Falguera-Puig, Gemma Cazorla-Ortiz
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The environmental impacts (climate change (CC), water consumption and water scarcity) of the infant feeding types and maternal diet were calculated using the IPCC, ReCiPE and AWARE indicators, respectively. The differences in impacts were calculated by Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences for the three environmental impacts were observed. The CC impact of formula milk and feeding accessories was 0.01 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq for exclusive BF, 1.55 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq for mixed feeding and 4.98 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq for formula feeding. While BF mothers consumed an extra 238 kcal, no significant differences were found related to maternal diet across feeding types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exclusive BF was the most sustainable type of infant feeding, considering formula and infant feeding accessories. In our study, the difference between the impacts of BF and non-BF mothers' diet was insignificant.</p><p><strong>Implications for the profession and/or patient care: </strong>Offer informative and educational support for midwives and other healthcare professionals on BF and a healthy, sustainable diet to transfer this knowledge to the general public.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Raise the general public's awareness about BF and a healthy, sustainable diet. To reduce environmental impacts through behavioural changes.</p><p><strong>Reporting method: </strong>STROBE.</p><p><strong>Patient or public contribution: </strong>Patients of the Catalan Health Service reviewed the content of the data collection tools.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>(for the whole GREEN MOTHER project): NCT05729581 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":54897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Nursing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Comprehensive Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Different Infant Feeding Types: The Observational Study GREEN MOTHER.\",\"authors\":\"Judit Cos-Busquets, Rosa Maria Cabedo-Ferreiro, Liudmila Liutsko, Azahara Reyes-Lacalle, Rosa García-Sierra, Margalida Colldeforns-Vidal, Edilene Pereira Andrade, Mª Mercedes Vicente-Hernández, Miriam Gómez-Masvidal, Laura Montero-Pons, Pere Torán-Monserrat, Gemma Falguera-Puig, Gemma Cazorla-Ortiz\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jan.16473\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aim(s): </strong>To observe and compare the environmental impacts of different types of infant feeding, considering the use of formula, infant feeding accessories, potentially increased maternal dietary intake during breastfeeding (BF) and food consumption habits.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>An observational cross-sectional multicentre study conducted in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area of the Catalan Institute of Health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 419 postpartum women on infant feeding type (formula milk and accessories), maternal dietary intake (24-h register) and food consumption habits from November 2022 to April 2023. The environmental impacts (climate change (CC), water consumption and water scarcity) of the infant feeding types and maternal diet were calculated using the IPCC, ReCiPE and AWARE indicators, respectively. The differences in impacts were calculated by Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences for the three environmental impacts were observed. The CC impact of formula milk and feeding accessories was 0.01 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq for exclusive BF, 1.55 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq for mixed feeding and 4.98 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq for formula feeding. While BF mothers consumed an extra 238 kcal, no significant differences were found related to maternal diet across feeding types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exclusive BF was the most sustainable type of infant feeding, considering formula and infant feeding accessories. In our study, the difference between the impacts of BF and non-BF mothers' diet was insignificant.</p><p><strong>Implications for the profession and/or patient care: </strong>Offer informative and educational support for midwives and other healthcare professionals on BF and a healthy, sustainable diet to transfer this knowledge to the general public.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Raise the general public's awareness about BF and a healthy, sustainable diet. 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A Comprehensive Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Different Infant Feeding Types: The Observational Study GREEN MOTHER.
Aim(s): To observe and compare the environmental impacts of different types of infant feeding, considering the use of formula, infant feeding accessories, potentially increased maternal dietary intake during breastfeeding (BF) and food consumption habits.
Design: An observational cross-sectional multicentre study conducted in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area of the Catalan Institute of Health.
Methods: Data were collected from 419 postpartum women on infant feeding type (formula milk and accessories), maternal dietary intake (24-h register) and food consumption habits from November 2022 to April 2023. The environmental impacts (climate change (CC), water consumption and water scarcity) of the infant feeding types and maternal diet were calculated using the IPCC, ReCiPE and AWARE indicators, respectively. The differences in impacts were calculated by Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: Significant differences for the three environmental impacts were observed. The CC impact of formula milk and feeding accessories was 0.01 kg CO2eq for exclusive BF, 1.55 kg CO2eq for mixed feeding and 4.98 kg CO2eq for formula feeding. While BF mothers consumed an extra 238 kcal, no significant differences were found related to maternal diet across feeding types.
Conclusion: Exclusive BF was the most sustainable type of infant feeding, considering formula and infant feeding accessories. In our study, the difference between the impacts of BF and non-BF mothers' diet was insignificant.
Implications for the profession and/or patient care: Offer informative and educational support for midwives and other healthcare professionals on BF and a healthy, sustainable diet to transfer this knowledge to the general public.
Impact: Raise the general public's awareness about BF and a healthy, sustainable diet. To reduce environmental impacts through behavioural changes.
Reporting method: STROBE.
Patient or public contribution: Patients of the Catalan Health Service reviewed the content of the data collection tools.
Trial registration: (for the whole GREEN MOTHER project): NCT05729581 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Advanced Nursing (JAN) contributes to the advancement of evidence-based nursing, midwifery and healthcare by disseminating high quality research and scholarship of contemporary relevance and with potential to advance knowledge for practice, education, management or policy.
All JAN papers are required to have a sound scientific, evidential, theoretical or philosophical base and to be critical, questioning and scholarly in approach. As an international journal, JAN promotes diversity of research and scholarship in terms of culture, paradigm and healthcare context. For JAN’s worldwide readership, authors are expected to make clear the wider international relevance of their work and to demonstrate sensitivity to cultural considerations and differences.
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