Francisco T.C. de Souza , Maria Z.F. da Silva , Humberto H. de Carvalho , Carla B. Vidal , Ronaldo F. do Nascimento , Elisane Longhinotti
{"title":"评估汽车尾气中的 BTEX:使用 SPME 和 GC-BID 的快速高效方法。","authors":"Francisco T.C. de Souza , Maria Z.F. da Silva , Humberto H. de Carvalho , Carla B. Vidal , Ronaldo F. do Nascimento , Elisane Longhinotti","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465417","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylene isomers (m, p, and o-xylene) (BTEX) are known for their harmful effects on human health and have been extensively studied across various environmental matrices. However, quantifying BTEX in exhaust gases poses challenges due to the complexity of the matrices. In this study, we investigated a method development strategy involving solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with a dielectric barrier discharge ionization Detector (BID) for quantifying BTEX emitted from internal combustion engines operating at idle. Sampling was conducted using 1.0 L Tedlar bags, followed by withdrawal of aliquots and dilution with atmospheric air using a novel device (graduated vial) designed for gaseous samples. The SPME-GC-BID method was developed and validated for the conditions: BTEX extraction in CAR/PDMS 75 μm fiber at a contact time of 5.0 min at a temperature of 27 °C, followed by GC-BID analysis. Method validation to ensure the reliability of quantitative results used the merit figures e.g., limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy (recovery). LOD varied from 0.194 to 0.340 mg <em>m</em><sup>−3</sup>, LOQ varied from 0.587 to 1.03 mg <em>m</em><sup>−3</sup>, precision ranged from 1.47 to 7.14 %, and recovery varied from 82.34 to 109.5 %. BTEX concentration in vehicle exhaust varied from 3.40 to 16.4 mg <em>m</em><sup>−3</sup>. The results showed, concerning the figures of merit analyzed, that the SPME-GC-BID method provides good sensibility, precision, and accuracy for evaluating the presence of BTEX in the exhaust of internal combustion engines, contributing to the understanding of health risks associated with vehicle emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":347,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chromatography A","volume":"1736 ","pages":"Article 465417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Evaluating BTEX in vehicle exhaust gas: A fast and efficient approach using SPME and GC-BID\",\"authors\":\"Francisco T.C. de Souza , Maria Z.F. da Silva , Humberto H. de Carvalho , Carla B. Vidal , Ronaldo F. do Nascimento , Elisane Longhinotti\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465417\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylene isomers (m, p, and o-xylene) (BTEX) are known for their harmful effects on human health and have been extensively studied across various environmental matrices. However, quantifying BTEX in exhaust gases poses challenges due to the complexity of the matrices. In this study, we investigated a method development strategy involving solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with a dielectric barrier discharge ionization Detector (BID) for quantifying BTEX emitted from internal combustion engines operating at idle. Sampling was conducted using 1.0 L Tedlar bags, followed by withdrawal of aliquots and dilution with atmospheric air using a novel device (graduated vial) designed for gaseous samples. The SPME-GC-BID method was developed and validated for the conditions: BTEX extraction in CAR/PDMS 75 μm fiber at a contact time of 5.0 min at a temperature of 27 °C, followed by GC-BID analysis. Method validation to ensure the reliability of quantitative results used the merit figures e.g., limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy (recovery). LOD varied from 0.194 to 0.340 mg <em>m</em><sup>−3</sup>, LOQ varied from 0.587 to 1.03 mg <em>m</em><sup>−3</sup>, precision ranged from 1.47 to 7.14 %, and recovery varied from 82.34 to 109.5 %. BTEX concentration in vehicle exhaust varied from 3.40 to 16.4 mg <em>m</em><sup>−3</sup>. The results showed, concerning the figures of merit analyzed, that the SPME-GC-BID method provides good sensibility, precision, and accuracy for evaluating the presence of BTEX in the exhaust of internal combustion engines, contributing to the understanding of health risks associated with vehicle emissions.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":347,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Chromatography A\",\"volume\":\"1736 \",\"pages\":\"Article 465417\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Chromatography A\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002196732400791X\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Chromatography A","FirstCategoryId":"1","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002196732400791X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Evaluating BTEX in vehicle exhaust gas: A fast and efficient approach using SPME and GC-BID
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylene isomers (m, p, and o-xylene) (BTEX) are known for their harmful effects on human health and have been extensively studied across various environmental matrices. However, quantifying BTEX in exhaust gases poses challenges due to the complexity of the matrices. In this study, we investigated a method development strategy involving solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with a dielectric barrier discharge ionization Detector (BID) for quantifying BTEX emitted from internal combustion engines operating at idle. Sampling was conducted using 1.0 L Tedlar bags, followed by withdrawal of aliquots and dilution with atmospheric air using a novel device (graduated vial) designed for gaseous samples. The SPME-GC-BID method was developed and validated for the conditions: BTEX extraction in CAR/PDMS 75 μm fiber at a contact time of 5.0 min at a temperature of 27 °C, followed by GC-BID analysis. Method validation to ensure the reliability of quantitative results used the merit figures e.g., limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy (recovery). LOD varied from 0.194 to 0.340 mg m−3, LOQ varied from 0.587 to 1.03 mg m−3, precision ranged from 1.47 to 7.14 %, and recovery varied from 82.34 to 109.5 %. BTEX concentration in vehicle exhaust varied from 3.40 to 16.4 mg m−3. The results showed, concerning the figures of merit analyzed, that the SPME-GC-BID method provides good sensibility, precision, and accuracy for evaluating the presence of BTEX in the exhaust of internal combustion engines, contributing to the understanding of health risks associated with vehicle emissions.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Chromatography A provides a forum for the publication of original research and critical reviews on all aspects of fundamental and applied separation science. The scope of the journal includes chromatography and related techniques, electromigration techniques (e.g. electrophoresis, electrochromatography), hyphenated and other multi-dimensional techniques, sample preparation, and detection methods such as mass spectrometry. Contributions consist mainly of research papers dealing with the theory of separation methods, instrumental developments and analytical and preparative applications of general interest.