Kyeong Jae Lee , Jae-Won Jang , June Sic Kim , Sohee Kim
{"title":"使用植入式线圈对运动皮层进行硬膜外磁刺激","authors":"Kyeong Jae Lee , Jae-Won Jang , June Sic Kim , Sohee Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.brs.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Magnetic stimulation, represented by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is used to treat neurological diseases. Various strategies have been explored to improve the spatial resolution of magnetic stimulation. While reducing the coil size is the most impactful approach for increasing the spatial resolution, it decreases the stimulation intensity and increases heat generation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic stimulation using an epidurally implanted millimeter-sized coil and that it does not damage the cortical tissue via heating even when a repetitive stimulation protocol is used.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A coil with dimensions of 3.5 × 3.5 × 2.6 mm<sup>3</sup> was epidurally implanted on the left motor cortex of rat, corresponding to the right hindlimb. Before and after epidural magnetic stimulation using a quadripulse stimulation (QPS) protocol, changes in the amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by a TMS coil were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The experimental group showed an average increase of 88 % in MEP amplitude in the right hindlimb after QPS, whereas the MEP amplitude in the left hindlimb increased by 18 % on average. The control group showed no significant change in MEP amplitude after QPS in either hindlimb. The temperature changes at the coil surface remained <2 °C during repetitive stimulation, meeting the thermal safety limit for implantable medical devices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results demonstrate the feasibility of epidural magnetic stimulation using an implantable coil to induce neuromodulation effects. This novel method is expected to be a promising alternative for focal magnetic stimulation with an improved spatial resolution and lowered stimulus current than previous magnetic stimulation methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9206,"journal":{"name":"Brain Stimulation","volume":"17 5","pages":"Pages 1157-1166"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Epidural magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex using an implantable coil\",\"authors\":\"Kyeong Jae Lee , Jae-Won Jang , June Sic Kim , Sohee Kim\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.brs.2024.10.001\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Magnetic stimulation, represented by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is used to treat neurological diseases. Various strategies have been explored to improve the spatial resolution of magnetic stimulation. While reducing the coil size is the most impactful approach for increasing the spatial resolution, it decreases the stimulation intensity and increases heat generation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic stimulation using an epidurally implanted millimeter-sized coil and that it does not damage the cortical tissue via heating even when a repetitive stimulation protocol is used.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A coil with dimensions of 3.5 × 3.5 × 2.6 mm<sup>3</sup> was epidurally implanted on the left motor cortex of rat, corresponding to the right hindlimb. Before and after epidural magnetic stimulation using a quadripulse stimulation (QPS) protocol, changes in the amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by a TMS coil were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The experimental group showed an average increase of 88 % in MEP amplitude in the right hindlimb after QPS, whereas the MEP amplitude in the left hindlimb increased by 18 % on average. The control group showed no significant change in MEP amplitude after QPS in either hindlimb. The temperature changes at the coil surface remained <2 °C during repetitive stimulation, meeting the thermal safety limit for implantable medical devices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results demonstrate the feasibility of epidural magnetic stimulation using an implantable coil to induce neuromodulation effects. This novel method is expected to be a promising alternative for focal magnetic stimulation with an improved spatial resolution and lowered stimulus current than previous magnetic stimulation methods.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9206,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Brain Stimulation\",\"volume\":\"17 5\",\"pages\":\"Pages 1157-1166\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":7.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Brain Stimulation\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X24001682\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Brain Stimulation","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X24001682","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Epidural magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex using an implantable coil
Background
Magnetic stimulation, represented by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is used to treat neurological diseases. Various strategies have been explored to improve the spatial resolution of magnetic stimulation. While reducing the coil size is the most impactful approach for increasing the spatial resolution, it decreases the stimulation intensity and increases heat generation.
Objective
We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic stimulation using an epidurally implanted millimeter-sized coil and that it does not damage the cortical tissue via heating even when a repetitive stimulation protocol is used.
Methods
A coil with dimensions of 3.5 × 3.5 × 2.6 mm3 was epidurally implanted on the left motor cortex of rat, corresponding to the right hindlimb. Before and after epidural magnetic stimulation using a quadripulse stimulation (QPS) protocol, changes in the amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by a TMS coil were compared.
Results
The experimental group showed an average increase of 88 % in MEP amplitude in the right hindlimb after QPS, whereas the MEP amplitude in the left hindlimb increased by 18 % on average. The control group showed no significant change in MEP amplitude after QPS in either hindlimb. The temperature changes at the coil surface remained <2 °C during repetitive stimulation, meeting the thermal safety limit for implantable medical devices.
Conclusion
These results demonstrate the feasibility of epidural magnetic stimulation using an implantable coil to induce neuromodulation effects. This novel method is expected to be a promising alternative for focal magnetic stimulation with an improved spatial resolution and lowered stimulus current than previous magnetic stimulation methods.
期刊介绍：
Brain Stimulation publishes on the entire field of brain stimulation, including noninvasive and invasive techniques and technologies that alter brain function through the use of electrical, magnetic, radiowave, or focally targeted pharmacologic stimulation.
Brain Stimulation aims to be the premier journal for publication of original research in the field of neuromodulation. The journal includes: a) Original articles; b) Short Communications; c) Invited and original reviews; d) Technology and methodological perspectives (reviews of new devices, description of new methods, etc.); and e) Letters to the Editor. Special issues of the journal will be considered based on scientific merit.
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