Resection of a giant right coronary artery aneurysm and reconstruction with a saphenous vein graft: a 20-year follow-up-case report.

Background: Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are uncommon and can cause complications such as thrombosis, vessel rupture, or distal embolization. Rarely, CAAs are classified as 'giant', although the defining diameter is debated. The predominant cause of CAAs is atherosclerotic disease. Independently, CAAs constitute an estimated 5-year survival of 71%.

Case summary: We report the case of a 56-year-old female who presented 20 years ago with a chest infection when a murmur was auscultated on examination. Subsequently, a coronary angiogram was performed, demonstrating an extensive aneurysm of the right coronary artery (RCA). The aneurysmal segment of the RCA was resected, and a length of saphenous vein was utilized in its reconstruction. Twenty years later, the patient re-presented with dyspnoea, indicating repeat investigations; coronary angiography demonstrated a vein graft 20 years post-reconstruction that is almost indistinguishable from a native RCA.

Discussion: The optimal management strategy for CAAs is debatable, and there are no clear guidelines. However, surgical management is generally preferred in cases of GCAAs, which was also the case for this patient. This reconstruction procedure, involving resection of the aneurysmal segment of the RCA and reconstruction with a saphenous vein graft, proved to be a durable and reliable approach, with the saphenous vein graft remaining patent for over 20 years. The 20-year follow-up provides valuable insight into the long-term durability of surgical intervention, allowing for comprehensive assessment of the durability and reliability of this procedure.