SARS-CoV-2 突发性感染后艾滋病病毒感染者的疫苗反应和混合免疫。

IF 6.9 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1038/s41541-024-00972-3
Amin Alirezaylavasani, Linda Gail Skeie, Ingrid Marie Egner, Adity Chopra, Tuva Børresdatter Dahl, Christian Prebensen, John Torgils Vaage, Bente Halvorsen, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, Kristian Tonby, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Birgitte Stiksrud, Jan Cato Holter, Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise, Ludvig A Munthe, Hassen Kared
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引用次数: 0

摘要

COVID-19 大流行给艾滋病病毒感染者(PLWH)带来了挑战,尤其是抗逆转录病毒治疗后 CD4 T 细胞重建受损(CD4 细胞数为 3)的免疫无反应者(INR)。他们对疫苗反应的减弱引起了人们对他们容易感染 SARS-CoV-2 突发性感染 (BTI) 的担忧。我们在此进行的深入研究显示,PLWH 存在慢性炎症,而 INR 接种疫苗后的抗 Spike IgG 反应有限。然而,接种疫苗后,斯派克特异性 B 细胞的印记显著增强了 BTI 后的体液反应。值得注意的是,所有 PLWH 的细胞 CD4 反应程度与健康供体(HD)相当。但是,INR 中尖峰特异性 CD8 T 细胞的多功能性和表型与对照组不同。研究结果突出表明,有必要使用变异疫苗进行额外的强化治疗,并监测抗逆转录病毒疗法的依从性以及 INR 中体液和细胞抗 SARS-CoV-2 免疫的持久性。
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Vaccine responses and hybrid immunity in people living with HIV after SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections.

The COVID-19 pandemic posed a challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly immune non-responders (INR) with compromised CD4 T-cell reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy (CD4 count <350 cells per mm3). Their diminished vaccine responses raised concerns about their vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BTI). Our in-depth study here revealed chronic inflammation in PLWH and a limited anti-Spike IgG response after vaccination in INR. Nevertheless, the imprinting of Spike-specific B cells by vaccination significantly enhanced the humoral responses after BTI. Notably, the magnitude of cellular CD4 response in all PLWH was comparable to that in healthy donors (HD). However, the polyfunctionality and phenotype of Spike-specific CD8 T cells in INR differed from controls. The findings highlight the need for additional boosters with variant vaccines, and for monitoring ART adherence and the durability of both humoral and cellular anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity in INR.

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来源期刊
NPJ Vaccines
NPJ Vaccines Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
4.30%
发文量
146
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Online-only and open access, npj Vaccines is dedicated to highlighting the most important scientific advances in vaccine research and development.
期刊最新文献
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