Rongxiang Tang, Jeremy A Elman, Chandra A Reynolds, Olivia K Puckett, Matthew S Panizzon, Michael J Lyons, Donald J Hagler, Christine Fennema-Notestine, Lisa T Eyler, Stephen M Dorros, Anders M Dale, William S Kremen, Carol E Franz
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Here, we examined whether cortical SA profile-the extent to which the spatial patterning of SA deviates from the normative unimodal-transmodal cortical organization-is a mediator of childhood disadvantage effects on later-life GCA.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In 477 community-dwelling men aged 56-72 years old, childhood disadvantage index (CDI) was derived from four indicators of disadvantages and GCA was assessed using a standardized test. Cortical SA was obtained from structural magnetic resonance imaging. For cortical SA profile, we calculated the spatial similarity between maps of individual cortical SA and MRI-derived principal gradient (i.e., unimodal-transmodal organization). Mediation analyses were conducted to examine the indirect effects of CDI through cortical SA profile on GCA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Around 1.31% of CDI effects on later-life GCA were mediated by cortical SA profile, whereas total SA did not. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的:童年时期的不利处境与中年和老年期较低的一般认知能力(GCA)和大脑结构差异有关。然而,人们对童年劣势影响晚年一般认知能力的神经解剖学机制仍然知之甚少。虽然总表面积(SA)与一生中的 GCA 差异有关,但总表面积并不能反映童年劣势对神经解剖学影响的非均匀性,这种影响在单模态和跨模态皮层中各不相同。在此,我们研究了皮层 SA 剖面--SA 的空间模式偏离正常的单模态-跨模态皮层组织的程度--是否是童年劣势对晚年 GCA 影响的中介因素:方法:在 477 名年龄在 56-72 岁之间、居住在社区的男性中,根据四项不利条件指标得出童年不利条件指数(CDI),并使用标准化测试评估 GCA。皮层 SA 是通过结构性磁共振成像获得的。对于皮质SA轮廓,我们计算了单个皮质SA地图与MRI衍生的主梯度(即单模态-跨模态组织)之间的空间相似性。我们进行了中介分析,以研究 CDI 通过皮层 SA 剖面对 GCA 的间接影响:大约 1.31% 的 CDI 对晚年 GCA 的影响是通过大脑皮层的 SA 曲线产生的,而总 SA 却没有。较高的CDI与大脑皮层SA空间模式偏离主要梯度的程度有关,而这反过来又与较低的晚年GCA有关:讨论:童年时期的不利条件可能会部分地通过影响大脑皮层SA的空间格局,使其偏离正常的大脑皮层组织原则,从而导致日后的GCA差异。
Cortical surface area profile mediates effects of childhood disadvantage on later-life general cognitive ability.
Objectives: Childhood disadvantage is associated with lower general cognitive ability (GCA) and brain structural differences in midlife and older adulthood. However, the neuroanatomical mechanisms underlying childhood disadvantage effects on later-life GCA remain poorly understood. Although total surface area (SA) has been linked to lifespan GCA differences, total SA does not capture the non-uniform nature of childhood disadvantage effects on neuroanatomy, which varies across unimodal and transmodal cortices. Here, we examined whether cortical SA profile-the extent to which the spatial patterning of SA deviates from the normative unimodal-transmodal cortical organization-is a mediator of childhood disadvantage effects on later-life GCA.
Method: In 477 community-dwelling men aged 56-72 years old, childhood disadvantage index (CDI) was derived from four indicators of disadvantages and GCA was assessed using a standardized test. Cortical SA was obtained from structural magnetic resonance imaging. For cortical SA profile, we calculated the spatial similarity between maps of individual cortical SA and MRI-derived principal gradient (i.e., unimodal-transmodal organization). Mediation analyses were conducted to examine the indirect effects of CDI through cortical SA profile on GCA.
Results: Around 1.31% of CDI effects on later-life GCA were mediated by cortical SA profile, whereas total SA did not. Higher CDI was associated with more deviation of the cortical SA spatial patterning from the principal gradient, which in turn related to lower later-life GCA.
Discussion: Childhood disadvantage may contribute to later-life GCA differences partly by influencing the spatial patterning of cortical SA in a way that deviates from the normative cortical organizational principle.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences publishes articles on development in adulthood and old age that advance the psychological science of aging processes and outcomes. Articles have clear implications for theoretical or methodological innovation in the psychology of aging or contribute significantly to the empirical understanding of psychological processes and aging. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, attitudes, clinical applications, cognition, education, emotion, health, human factors, interpersonal relations, neuropsychology, perception, personality, physiological psychology, social psychology, and sensation.