肝癌病因学:老问题与新视角。

IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Current Oncology Reports Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1007/s11912-024-01605-7
Jian-Guo Chen, Yong-Hui Zhang, Jian-Hua Lu, Thomas W Kensler
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述目的:本综述旨在总结肝癌病因学的老问题和当前认识,重点关注不同地区受地理、社会经济和生活方式差异影响的各种致病因素:我们强调了肝癌风险因素在地域上的显著差异。虽然乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒、黄曲霉毒素暴露和饮酒仍是全球公认的致病因素,但代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病和代谢综合征在西方日益突出。慢性乙型肝炎病毒和黄曲霉毒素仍然是亚洲和非洲的主要风险因素。饮食因素、糖尿病和肥胖等代谢性疾病、遗传倾向、环境风险因素以及吸烟和饮酒等生活方式选择在特定人群中发挥着重要作用。饮用咖啡和茶以及服用阿司匹林、食用蔬菜和水果等保护性因素已显示出降低 HCC 风险的潜力,但不同人群和饮食习惯的研究结果各不相同。肝癌的病因受各种因素的影响,而这些因素又因地区而异。已确定的风险因素包括乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎、黄曲霉毒素和酒精。新出现的风险,如代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝,在西方国家更为普遍,而黄曲霉毒素和乙型肝炎病毒在亚洲和非洲仍然很重要。饮食、糖尿病和肥胖等新陈代谢疾病、遗传倾向和生活方式的选择也起着至关重要的作用。咖啡、茶、阿司匹林、蔬菜和水果可降低 HCC 风险,但效果各异。未来的研究应整合流行病学、遗传学和营养学,全球合作和数据共享对于有效的癌症控制策略至关重要。
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Liver Cancer Etiology: Old Issues and New Perspectives.

Purpose of review: This review aims to synthesize the old issues and current understandings of the etiology of liver cancer, focusing on the diverse causative factors influenced by geographical, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variations across different regions.

Recent findings: We highlight significant geographic disparities in liver cancer risk factors. While hepatitis B and C viruses, aflatoxin exposure, and alcohol consumption remain globally established contributors; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic syndromes are increasingly prominent in the West. Chronic HBV and aflatoxin continue to dominate as risk factors in Asia and Africa. Dietary factors, metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity, genetic predispositions, environmental risk factors and lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol use play substantial roles in specific populations. Protective factors like coffee and tea consumption, along with aspirin use, vegetables and fruits have shown potential in reducing HCC risk, although findings vary by population and dietary habits. Liver cancer etiology is influenced by various factors that differ by region. Established risk factors include hepatitis B and C, aflatoxin, and alcohol. Emerging risks, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, are more prevalent in Western countries, while aflatoxin and HBV remains significant in Asia and Africa. Diet, metabolic conditions like diabetes and obesity, genetic predispositions, and lifestyle choices also play crucial roles. Coffee, tea, aspirin, vegetables, and fruits may reduce HCC risk, but effectiveness varies. Future research should integrate epidemiology, genetics, and nutrition, with global cooperation and data sharing essential for effective cancer control strategies.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
187
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: This journal aims to review the most important, recently published clinical findings in the field of oncology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to serve all those involved in the care of those affected by cancer. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as cancer prevention, leukemia, melanoma, neuro-oncology, and palliative medicine. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.
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