Bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy could be superior to chemotherapy alone in relapsed ovarian cancer after PARPi: evidence from a multi-center propensity score-matched analysis.

Objective: A retrospective, multi-center propensity score-matched (PMS) analysis was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of the treatment strategy that combines bevacizumab and chemotherapy for patients with relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who previously received poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPis).

Methods: A total of 250 ovarian cancer (OC) patients relapsed after PARPi received chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab at 4 medical centers were enrolled in the study. For both treatments, Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to compare PFS.

Results: In the multivariable analysis of 250 patients, the incorporation of bevacizumab into chemotherapy demonstrated a significant enhancement in PFS (hazard ratio [HR]=0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.34-0.72; p<0.001). Fifty-five patients were enrolled in Group A (bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy) and 55 were enrolled in Group B (chemotherapy alone regime) after PSM analysis. A statistically significant difference in PFS was observed between the 2 regimens (HR=0.62; 95% CI=0.40-0.97; p=0.036), suggesting that the bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy regimen confers superior clinical benefits. The median PFS was 11 months in Group A and 9 months in Group B. A significant variation was noted in PFS between patients without RCRS (HR=0.50; 95% CI=0.30-0.82) and the platinum-resistant subgroup (HR=0.31; 95% CI=0.14-0.68). Adverse effects of Grade 3-4 were more prevalent in Group A than in Group B. Additionally, instances of severe hypertension and bowel perforation were reported solely within Group A.

Conclusion: In patients diagnosed with EOC relapsed after PARPi, the regime of chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab is associated with better PFS.