Silvia Coria-Vázquez, Samantha Cruz-López, Katya Espino-Mier, Sonia M Lara-Morales, María F Suárez-Velázquez, Rosa Ma Lacy-Niebla
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引用次数: 0
摘要
皮肤药物不良反应或药害是最常见的药物不良反应(ADR)形式。我们有兴趣了解这些不良反应在墨西哥一家三级医院的流行情况。我们对墨西哥城伊格纳西奥-查韦斯国家心脏病研究所(INCICh)的 61 名婴儿和成人住院病人以及皮肤病门诊病人在 10 年内发生药物不良反应的频率进行了测定。最常诊断出的药源性皮炎是痤疮样皮炎、皮肤色素沉着和斑丘疹性红斑,主要与泼尼松、羟氯喹、头孢噻吩、胺碘酮和维生素 B 复合物有关,但更严重和危险的反应较少发生。这些结果与我国的其他报告一致。同时使用多种药物是导致不良反应的一个重要因素。每位医生都有必要掌握识别这些皮肤病的技能,以便正确处理每个病例,减少相关的死亡率。
[Frequency of cutaneous drug reactions in the outpatient dermatology clinic at the National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez over a ten-year period].
Cutaneous adverse drug reactions, or pharmacodermias, are the most common form of adverse drug reactions (ADR). It was our interest to know their epidemiological behavior in a tertiary hospital level in Mexico. We stablished the frequency of ADR in 61 infants and adults hospitalized patients and those seen in the outpatient Dermatology Clinic at the National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez in Mexico City (INCICh) over a period of 10 years. The most frequently diagnosed pharmacodermias were acneiform dermatitis, cutaneous hyperpigmentation and maculopapular exanthema mainly associated to prednisone, hydroxychloroquine, cephalothin, amiodarone and vitamin B-complex, although we registered less frequently more severe and hazardous reactions. These results were consistent with other reports in our country. Multiple drugs administered at a time was an important causative factor for the ADR. It is necessary for every practitioner to develop skills that permit the identification of these dermatoses in order to correctly manage each case and diminish the morbimortality associated.