物理主义的有效和无效因果论证

Thomas Kroedel
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在《物理主义的因果论证》一文中,钟磊提出了对一般物理主义的论证,即对还原物理主义和非还原物理主义不相容的论证。钟磊的论证试图证明精神属性在物理上是可接受的,即广义上的物理属性。该论证的关键假设是,物理上可接受的效应不会既有物理上可接受的充分原因,又同时有物理上不可接受的充分原因。我认为钟氏的论证是无效的,因为精神可以与物理上可接受的效应有因果关系,而对这些效应来说,精神既不是物理上可接受的,也不是因果上充分的。我根据钟氏论证的精神提出了一个替代论证,省略了充分因果关系的概念。我认为,如果非物理主义者对他们的心灵形而上学进行微调,他们也可以抵制这个替代论证。
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Valid and invalid causal arguments for physicalism

In “A Causal Argument for Physicalism”, Lei Zhong presents an argument for physicalism in general, that is, for the disjunction of reductive physicalism and non-reductive physicalism. Zhong’s argument attempts to show that mental properties are physically acceptable, that is, physical in a wide sense. The crucial assumption of the argument is that physically acceptable effects do not have both sufficient causes that are physically acceptable and simultaneous sufficient causes that are not physically acceptable. I argue that Zhong’s argument is invalid, because the mental can be causally relevant to physically acceptable effects while being neither physically acceptable nor causally sufficient for these effects. I present an alternative argument in the spirit of Zhong’s argument that omits the notion of sufficient causation. I argue that non-physicalists can also resist the alternative argument if they fine-tune their metaphysics of mind.

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