透明度在道德和政治上的腐蚀性

Jimmy Alfonso Licon
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们普遍认为,透明度能激励良好的行为。尽管有时可能是这样,但这里存在着折衷:透明度会激励人们隐瞒行动的真正理由,转而制造不真诚的理由供公众消费。这一点的证据来自道德心理学和经济学:当人们被观察到时,他们就会获得一种激励,做出比不被观察到时更多的道义上的和直觉上的道德判断。与此相反,透明度会激励政治家和领导者做出更多后果主义的、经过深思熟虑的道德判断。透明度会激励人们培养不同的(不真实的)道德认同--一种是个人的,一种是公众的--或者基于声誉原因做出道德判断,而这些原因有时会与道德事实相背离。无论是哪种情况,透明度都会在道德上和政治上起到腐蚀作用。
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Transparency as morally and politically corrupting

It is widely held that transparency incentivizes good behavior. Though that may be, sometimes, there are tradeoffs here: transparency incentivizes people to conceal genuine reasons for action and instead manufacture insincere reasons for public consumption. The evidence for this comes from moral psychology and economics: when people are observed, they acquire an incentive to make more deontological and intuitive moral judgments than they would otherwise. In contrast, transparency incentivizes politicians and leaders to make more consequentialist and calculated moral judgments than they would otherwise. Transparency incentivizes people to foster distinct (inauthentic) moral identities—one personal and one public—or to make moral judgments based on reputational reasons that sometimes diverge from the moral facts. In either case, transparency can be morally and politically corrupting.

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