Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two formulations of agalsidase beta (agalsidase Biosidus) and Fabrazyme® by intravenous infusion in healthy male volunteers

Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal condition that leads to the accumulation of glycosphingolipids in various tissues, causing cellular dysfunction, tissue remodeling, progressive fibrosis, and organ failure. The disease results from a deficiency in the human α-galactosidase A enzyme, responsible for breaking down glycosphingolipids like globotriaosylceramide (GL-3 or Gb3) into galactose and dihexose ceramides. In individuals diagnosed with Fabry disease, treatment from 2 years of age onwards typically involves agalsidase beta, the normal recombinant form of the defective enzyme. Agalsidase beta from Biosidus has been developed as a biosimilar to Sanofi-Genzyme's Fabrazyme®. In the molecule's clinical journey, a phase I trial was designed to establish its similarity in terms of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity compared to the reference medication. The study was conducted on 24 healthy male volunteers, aged between 18 and 40 years. All volunteers received a single 1 mg/kg bw dose of Fabrazyme® or Biosidus Agalsidase beta by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion over 5 h. The 90 % confidence interval (CI) of the maximum concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 12 h (AUC0-12 h) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve extrapolated from time 0 to infinity (AUC0-∞) ratios fell within the accepted range of 80–125 %. No differences were detected in adverse effects or antibody induction. This indicates that Biosidus agalsidase beta meets the criteria for being considered similar to the reference formulation Sanofi Genzyme's Fabrazyme®.