Automatic classification of bird species related to power line faults using deep convolution features and ECOC-SVM model

Bird-related outages greatly threaten the safety of overhead transmission and distribution lines, while electrocution and collisions of birds with power lines, especially endangered species, are significant environmental concerns. Automatic bird recognition can be helpful to mitigate this contradiction. This paper proposes a method for automatic classification of bird species related to power line faults combining deep convolution features with error-correcting output codes support vector machine (ECOC-SVM). An image dataset of about 20 high-risk and 20 low-risk bird species was constructed, and the feed-forward denoising convolutional neural network was used for image preprocessing. The deep convolution features of bird images were extracted by DarkNet-53, and taken as inputs of the ECOC-SVM for model training and bird species classification. The gradient-weighted class activation mapping was used for visual explanations of the model decision region. The experimental results indicate that the average accuracy of the proposed method can reach 94.39%, and its performance was better than other models using different feature extraction networks and classification algorithms.