Vertebrate paleoburrow as a seasonality indicator in early Cretaceous Três Barras formation (Brazil)

Vertebrate burrows serve as windows into the past, revealing the activities of various organisms and providing clues about their paleoenvironmental conditions. This study focuses on a vertebrate paleoburrow from the Três Barras Formation, Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil, aiming to detail and reconstruct aspects of the paleoclimatic conditions that acted in this area during the early Cretaceous within a predominantly eolian paleoenvironment. Through detailed analysis of the sedimentary facies and morphological examination of the burrow, this study suggests that the structure was likely produced by lungfish or lizards. It is located within proximal crevasse splay deposits interbedded with fine floodplain sediments, indicating periods of flooding in a meandering fluvial setting that developed in the marginal areas of the eolian system of the Três Barras Formation. Comparison with other paleoburrows from neighboring basins further enhances our understanding of the paleoenvironmental conditions during the early Cretaceous Period. These findings reinforce evidence of seasonality and suggest a period of intense humidity during the deposition of the Três Barras Formation, which had previously been interpreted as exclusively aeolian.