暴露于杀虫剂会增加土栖昆虫(Agriotes spp.)

IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pedobiologia Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151000
Samuel W. Booth , Benedikt Kurtz , Martine I.de Heer , Sacha J. Mooney , Craig J. Sturrock
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引用次数: 0

摘要

杀虫剂处理过的种子通常用于减少钻蛀性昆虫(如铁线虫)造成的产量损失。我们利用对土壤填充生物测定的时间 X 射线计算机断层扫描 (CT),旨在量化洞穴网络产生和结构的变化,以此衡量线虫对三种杀虫剂处理过的玉米种子(化合物 X(处于田间试验开发阶段的 R&D 产品)、氟氯氰菊酯和噻虫嗪)的行为变化的反应。此外,还调查了生物杀虫剂替代处理(印楝)、未处理的玉米种子和裸土。还监测了昆虫的健康状况,以提供毒性/死亡率数据。与未经处理的玉米种子和印楝处理相比,暴露于化合物 X 的铁线虫产生了更大的洞穴网,在体积上与裸土中产生的洞穴网相似。与任何其他处理相比,接触 X 化合物还能产生更复杂的洞穴结构,这是形状的顶点、边和面数量(V-E+F)与相互连接的分支数量相关的函数。化合物 X、氟氯氰菊酯和噻虫嗪诱导的死亡率高于印楝或未处理的化合物,这表明这三种化合物都有可能管理线虫种群并减少产量损失,但只有化合物 X 改变了钻蛀行为。由于土壤生物孔在土壤生产力和碳封存方面发挥着重要作用,这种穴居活动的增加对粮食安全和气候变化的广泛影响值得进一步探讨。
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Insecticide exposure can increase burrow network production and alter burrow network structure in soil dwelling insects (Agriotes spp.)
Insecticide treated seeds are commonly used to reduce yield losses from burrowing insect damage such as wireworms. Using temporal X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) of soil-filled bioassays, we aimed to quantify changes in burrow network production and structure as a measure of wireworm behavioural change in response to three types of insecticide treated maize seed; compound X (R&D product in field trial stage of development); tefluthrin and thiamethoxam. A biopesticide alternative treatment (neem), untreated maize seed and bare soil were also investigated. Insect health outcomes were also monitored to provide toxicity/mortality data. Wireworms exposed to compound X produced greater burrow networks than untreated maize and neem treatments, similar to that in volume of those produced in bare soil. Compound X exposure also elicited the production of more complex burrow structures, a function of the number of vertices, edges and faces of a shape (V-E+F) related to the number of interconnected branches, compared to any other treatments. Compound X, tefluthrin and thiamethoxam induced mortality at greater rates than neem or untreated, suggesting all three could have potential to manage wireworm populations and reduce yield loss, but only compound X modified burrowing behaviour. With soil biopores playing an important role in soil productivity and carbon sequestration, the wider implications of this increase in burrowing activity for food security and climate change warrants further exploration.
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来源期刊
Pedobiologia
Pedobiologia 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
8.70%
发文量
38
审稿时长
64 days
期刊介绍: Pedobiologia publishes peer reviewed articles describing original work in the field of soil ecology, which includes the study of soil organisms and their interactions with factors in their biotic and abiotic environments. Analysis of biological structures, interactions, functions, and processes in soil is fundamental for understanding the dynamical nature of terrestrial ecosystems, a prerequisite for appropriate soil management. The scope of this journal consists of fundamental and applied aspects of soil ecology; key focal points include interactions among organisms in soil, organismal controls on soil processes, causes and consequences of soil biodiversity, and aboveground-belowground interactions. We publish: original research that tests clearly defined hypotheses addressing topics of current interest in soil ecology (including studies demonstrating nonsignificant effects); descriptions of novel methodological approaches, or evaluations of current approaches, that address a clear need in soil ecology research; innovative syntheses of the soil ecology literature, including metaanalyses, topical in depth reviews and short opinion/perspective pieces, and descriptions of original conceptual frameworks; and short notes reporting novel observations of ecological significance.
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