解除负强化、工作记忆和演绎推理缺陷对体重指数升高的影响

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111173
Gibson Weydmann , Igor Palmieri , Reinaldo A.G. Simões , Samara Buchmann , Eduardo Schmidt , Paulina Alves , Lisiane Bizarro
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引用次数: 0

摘要

神经心理学数据表明,超重或肥胖与不顾负面反馈坚持行为的倾向有关。这种缺陷可能是由于其他认知因素造成的,如工作记忆(WM)缺陷或在试错学习时推断基于模型的策略的能力下降。在本研究中,一组超重或肥胖的受试者(Ow/Ob,n = 30)与体重正常的受试者(n = 42)在一项改进的强化学习(RL)任务中进行了比较。该任务旨在通过控制认知负荷来控制WM对学习的影响,并通过演绎推理来促进基于模型的学习。研究人员进行了计算建模和分析,以分离出与 RL 机制、WM 使用和基于模型的学习(演绎参数)相关的参数。结果表明,与对照组相比,患有Ow/Ob的受试者有更多的持久性错误,并且在其表现中使用的演绎机制更弱,这表明他们在负强化和基于模型的学习方面存在障碍,而WM障碍并不是导致RL缺陷的原因。本研究数据表明,肥胖与负强化和基于模型的学习障碍有关。
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Disentangling negative reinforcement, working memory, and deductive reasoning deficits in elevated BMI
Neuropsychological data suggest that being overweight or obese is associated with a tendency to perseverate behavior despite negative feedback. This deficit might be observed due to other cognitive factors, such as working memory (WM) deficits or decreased ability to deduce model-based strategies when learning by trial-and-error. In the present study, a group of subjects with overweight or obesity (Ow/Ob, n = 30) was compared to normal-weight individuals (n = 42) in a modified Reinforcement Learning (RL) task. The task was designed to control WM effects on learning by manipulating cognitive load and to foster model-based learning via deductive reasoning. Computational modelling and analysis were conducted to isolate parameters related to RL mechanisms, WM use, and model-based learning (deduction parameter). Results showed that subjects with Ow/Ob had a higher number of perseverative errors and used a weaker deduction mechanism in their performance than control individuals, indicating impairments in negative reinforcement and model-based learning, whereas WM impairments were not responsible for deficits in RL. The present data suggests that obesity is associated with impairments in negative reinforcement and model-based learning.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.00
自引率
1.80%
发文量
153
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry is an international and multidisciplinary journal which aims to ensure the rapid publication of authoritative reviews and research papers dealing with experimental and clinical aspects of neuro-psychopharmacology and biological psychiatry. Issues of the journal are regularly devoted wholly in or in part to a topical subject. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry does not publish work on the actions of biological extracts unless the pharmacological active molecular substrate and/or specific receptor binding properties of the extract compounds are elucidated.
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