用于治疗骨髓增生性肿瘤的新一代破伤风激酶-2 (JAK2)抑制剂的设计和发现进展。

IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1080/17460441.2024.2417368
Safa Daoud, Mutasem Omar Taha
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引用次数: 0

摘要

简介骨髓增生性肿瘤(MPN)是一种罕见的造血疾病,由 JAK-STAT 信号通路基因突变引起。虽然 JAK2 抑制剂改变了 MPN 的治疗方法,但它们并不能消除恶性克隆或阻止大多数患者的疾病进展。这一局限性凸显了对更有效疗法的需求:本综述探讨了治疗 MPN 的 JAK2 抑制剂的演变。目前的JAK2抑制剂主要作为I型抑制剂发挥作用,靶向活性激酶构象,但其有效性受到持续的JAK-STAT信号传导的限制。为了克服这些局限性,目前正在开发针对非活性激酶构象和替代信号通路的下一代疗法,如 II 型 JAK2 抑制剂和假激酶结构抑制剂。此外,还在研究与PI3K、mTOR、CDK4/6抑制剂和表观遗传调节剂的联合疗法,以发挥其潜在的协同作用,从而为骨髓增生性疾病患者带来更深入、更持久的治疗效果:我们需要新一代JAK2抑制剂,通过克服耐药性、提高选择性、针对特定患者群体以及探索联合疗法来加强目前的骨髓增生性疾病治疗。应对药物设计、临床前测试和临床试验方面的挑战至关重要。当务之急是开发针对 JAK2 和其他 MPN 相关通路的双重或多重抑制剂,以应对复杂的信号网络并提高疗效。
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Advances in the design and discovery of next-generation janus kinase-2 (JAK2) inhibitors for the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Introduction: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are rare hematopoietic disorders driven by mutations in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway genes. While JAK2 inhibitors have transformed MPN treatment, they do not eliminate the malignant clone or prevent disease progression in most patients. This limitation underscores the need for more effective therapies.

Area covered: This review examines the evolution of JAK2 inhibitors for treating MPNs. Current JAK2 inhibitors primarily function as type I inhibitors, targeting the active kinase conformation, but their effectiveness is limited by ongoing JAK-STAT signaling. To overcome these limitations, next-generation therapies, such as type II JAK2 inhibitors and pseudokinase domain inhibitors, are being developed to target inactive kinase conformations and alternative signaling pathways. Furthermore, combination therapies with PI3K, mTOR, CDK4/6 inhibitors, and epigenetic modulators are being investigated for their potential synergistic effects, aiming for deeper and more durable responses in MPN patients.

Expert opinion: Next-generation JAK2 inhibitors are needed to enhance current MPNs treatments by overcoming resistance, improving selectivity, targeting specific patient groups, and exploring combination therapies. Addressing challenges in drug design, preclinical testing, and clinical trials is crucial. Developing dual or multiple inhibitors targeting JAK2 and other MPN-related pathways is urgent to address complex signaling networks and improve efficacy.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
1.60%
发文量
78
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery (ISSN 1746-0441 [print], 1746-045X [electronic]) is a MEDLINE-indexed, peer-reviewed, international journal publishing review articles on novel technologies involved in the drug discovery process, leading to new leads and reduced attrition rates. Each article is structured to incorporate the author’s own expert opinion on the scope for future development. The Editors welcome: Reviews covering chemoinformatics; bioinformatics; assay development; novel screening technologies; in vitro/in vivo models; structure-based drug design; systems biology Drug Case Histories examining the steps involved in the preclinical and clinical development of a particular drug The audience consists of scientists and managers in the healthcare and pharmaceutical industry, academic pharmaceutical scientists and other closely related professionals looking to enhance the success of their drug candidates through optimisation at the preclinical level.
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