埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴教师对学生饮食习惯的看法:一项定性研究。

IF 1.9 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS BMC Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI:10.1186/s40795-024-00946-7
Mekdes Mekonnen Kifle, Laura Terragni, Marianne Morseth
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:饮食选择不当和食用不健康食品是导致埃塞俄比亚青少年营养不良的主要决定因素。学校的饮食环境是探索青少年饮食习惯的重要场所。教师在了解影响学生饮食选择的因素方面发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在探讨埃塞俄比亚中学教师对青少年饮食习惯的看法:研究采用了定性研究设计。在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴的公立和私立学校进行了四次焦点小组讨论,共有 13 名教师参加。此外,还对这四所学校的饮食环境进行了观察。采用专题分析法对焦点小组讨论的记录和观察到的照片进行了分析。为提高研究的可信度,还采用了数据来源三角测量法和数据持续观察法。本研究获得了挪威研究数据中心和亚的斯亚贝巴卫生局的批准,所有参与者均在知情的情况下表示同意:结果:教师认为青少年的饮食习惯不健康,其特点是食用不安全食品、种类有限以及依赖加工食品。影响青少年饮食习惯的不利因素包括学生和家长缺乏健康饮食意识。家庭收入水平低也被认为是影响健康饮食的一个障碍。健康食品的缺乏、不健康食品和加工食品的广告宣传以及同龄人的影响都是在学校和家庭中形成健康饮食习惯的障碍:这项研究为营养转型提供了更多证据,而营养转型与低收入国家青少年营养不良的双重负担有关。影响青少年在校饮食的因素是多层次的。将营养教育纳入学校课程可能会提高饮食意识,减轻同伴的影响。规范学校食品环境和执行针对青少年的广告法可以促进更健康的学校食品环境。为生物或科学教师提供短期营养培训,加强他们在向儿童及其家庭提供营养教育方面的作用,同时采取措施解决粮食不安全问题,限制不健康食品在学校的供应,这些都需要被视为优先事项。
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Teachers' perception of their students' dietary habits in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a qualitative study.

Background: Poor dietary choices and consumption of unhealthy foods are major determinants of malnutrition among adolescents in Ethiopia. The school food environment is a valuable setting for exploring adolescents' eating habits. Teachers have an important role in understanding factors that impact students' dietary choices. The aim of this study is to explore secondary school teachers' perceptions towards adolescents' dietary habits in Ethiopia.

Methods: The study employed a qualitative research design. Four focus group discussions, involving a total of 13 teachers, were conducted at governmental and private schools in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Additionally, observations of the food environment in these four schools. The transcripts from the focus group discussions and photographs from observations were analyzed using thematic analysis. Triangulation of data sources and persistent observation of the data were employed to enhance the study's trustworthiness. The study was approved by the Norwegian Center for Research Data and the Addis Ababa Health Bureau, and all participants provided informed consent.

Result: Teachers perceived adolescents' dietary habits as unhealthy, characterized by the consumption of unsafe foods, limited variety, and reliance on processed foods. Factors negatively influencing adolescents' dietary habits include a lack of awareness about a healthy diet among both students and parents. Low familial income levels were also identified as a barrier to eating a healthy diet. The unavailability of healthy foods and the advertising of unhealthy and processed foods as well as peer influence were hindrances to a healthy diet both at school and home.

Conclusion: This study provides additional evidence of the nutrition transition which is linked to the double burden of malnutrition among adolescents in low-income countries. Factors affecting adolescent diets at school are multileveled. Incorporating nutrition education into the school curriculum will likely improve dietary awareness mitigating peer influence. Regulating the school food environment and enforcing advertisement laws targeting adolescents can promote healthier school food environments. Providing short term nutrition trainings for biology or science teachers and strengthen their role in delivering nutrition education to children and their families, along with implementing measures to address food insecurity and restricting availability of unhealthy food at school need to be regarded as priorities.

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来源期刊
BMC Nutrition
BMC Nutrition Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
131
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊最新文献
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