Curcumin and Vitamin D Reduce HMGB-1 mRNA Levels in Mice Infected with Salmonella typhi.

Background: This study examined the effects of curcumin and vitamin D on high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) mRNA expression in mice infected with Salmonella typhi.

Methods: The experimental design allocated 40 mice, intraperitoneally infected with S. typhi, to pre- and post-test controls randomly divided into four groups (10 mice per group). Mice in group A were treated with the antibiotic levofloxacin (1.95 mg/kg once daily) as the positive control; group B mice were administered curcumin at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight; group C mice were treated with a curcumin dose of 200 mg/kg BW and vitamin D; and group D mice received distilled water (placebo) as the negative control. The intervention was performed for 5 days. On day 10, HMGB-1 mRNA expression was measured, and the results were compared to those before the intervention.

Results: HMGB-1 mRNA level in group C decreased significantly by 5.76-fold (95% confidence interval: 2.55, 8.98). In contrast, HMGB-1 mRNA levels did not decrease significantly in group B.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the combination of curcumin and vitamin D reduced HMGB-1 mRNA levels in infected mice, highlighting the potential of this combination as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent.