在军事滑雪训练中对运动和机动性进行生理监测。

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Bmj Military Health Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1136/military-2024-002842
Tirthankar Chatterjee, D Bhattacharyya
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:军队接受各种高海拔作战技术的训练,以保卫边境地区和生命安全。滑雪是其中一种训练,但这方面的研究证据却很有限。因此,我们开展了一项研究,持续监测士兵在军事滑雪训练中的生理状态,以量化实际需求。方法:11 名印度士兵背负 18 公斤的军事装备滑雪 8 公里,在整个运动过程中连续记录生理状态和心率变异性(HRV)。参与者在大约 3 个小时内完成了比赛。冰雪赛道包括约 50% 的上坡、40% 的下坡和仅 10% 的平坦路面。整个数据集分为四个阶段(每个阶段 45 分钟),以了解随着时间和强度的增加,生理和自律神经反应的变化程度。采用重复测量方差分析来检验各阶段之间的显著程度:从第一阶段到第四阶段,包括心率在内的生理因素持续上升,从 116 次/分钟上升到 150 次/分钟。加速度峰值保持在 0.4-0.6 g 范围内,地面速度从 0 到 14.8 公里/小时不等。时域参数从运动前到前半部分持续下降,然后在后半部分开始时略有上升,最后部分再次下降。低频在前半部分增加,并在后半部分结束前保持低频,而高频则表现出完全相反的模式:心率变异数据表明,前半段副交感神经退缩,交感神经激活,这主要是由于上坡所致。第三阶段的特点是路面较平坦,速度增加,导致部分副交感神经激活。最后的斜坡导致生理反应上升,交感神经占主导地位。持续寒冷、缺氧和工作要求确保了生理变量保持在 "中等 "高水平。
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Physiological monitoring of movement and manoeuvrability during a military skiing exercise.

Introduction: Military forces receive training in various high-altitude warfare techniques to safeguard border regions and lives. Skiing is one of such practices where research evidences are limited. Therefore, a study was conducted to continuously monitor the physiological status of soldiers during military skiing practice to quantify the actual demands.

Methods: 11 Indian soldiers skied a distance of 8 km while carrying 18 kg of military equipment. Physiological status and heart rate variability (HRV) were continuously recorded throughout the exercise. The participants completed the event in about 3 hours. The icy track consisted of about 50% upward slopes, 40% downward slopes and only 10% of flat surface. The full data set was divided into four phases (45 min each), to understand the degree of changes in physiological, and autonomic responses with progress in time and intensity. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to examine the degree of significance between the phases.

Results: Physiological factors including HR rose consistently from the first to the fourth phase, increasing from 116 to 150 beats/min. The peak acceleration was maintained within 0.4-0.6 g and ground speed varied from 0 to 14.8 km/hour, respectively. The time domain parameters decreased steadily from pre-exercise to the first half of the event, then slightly increased at the beginning of the second half before decreasing again during the final part. The low frequency increased during the first half and remained low until the end of the second half, while the high frequency exhibited an exactly opposite pattern.

Conclusion: The HRV data indicated parasympathetic withdrawal and sympathetic activation in first half, primarily due to the uphill climb. The third phase featured with the flatter surface, which increased the speed and led to partial parasympathetic activation. The final incline caused a rise in physiological responses and sympathetic dominance. Persistent cold, exposure to hypoxia and job requirements ensured that the physiological variables remained at a 'moderately' high level.

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来源期刊
Bmj Military Health
Bmj Military Health MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
20.00%
发文量
116
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