Surgical repair of posttraumatic injuries of the scapholunate ligament: A literature study.

Background and research aims: Scapholunate interosseous ligament rupture can cause wrist issues like pain, strength loss, and cartilage degeneration. While various surgical treatments exist, it's unclear which method is optimal. This study aims to determine the superior treatment approach for scapholunate dissociation.

Methods: In Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science was searched for articles reporting results of surgical repair of scapholunate dissociation. Additional inclusion criteria were English- and Dutch-language articles published between January 2000 and December 2022 with at least 8 patients and at least 1 year of follow-up.

Results: Seventeen articles were included, 9 covered tenodesis repair, 2 focused on capsulodesis, 3 on direct scapholunate ligament repair using bone anchors, and 3 on a combination of tenodesis and capsulodesis. No difference could be found between the types of surgical techniques in wrist mobility and grip strength. The Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score, Visual Analogue Scale for pain and Mayo wrist scores showed no clinically relevant difference. With all methods, normal radiological values were obtained after surgery. The mean scapholunate angle was less than 60° and the scapholunate gap less than 3 mm. However, at longer follow-up an increase in this angle and gap was seen again.

Discussion: This review did not allow to conclude that one technique was better than another to treat scapholunate dissociation because of poor quality of the included studies. Pre- and postoperative values were not always reported, there were insufficient comparative studies, and randomized prospective studies were missing.