Francesco Zadek, Beatrice Brunoni, Francesca Mulazzani, Francesco Minotti, Loredana Faraldi, Francesca Tardini, Riccardo Giudici, Stefania Paccagnini, Maria Luisa De Angelis, Roberto Fumagalli, Thomas Langer
{"title":"使用稀释柠檬酸钠进行持续静脉血液滤过导致的重症患者低钠血症。","authors":"Francesco Zadek, Beatrice Brunoni, Francesca Mulazzani, Francesco Minotti, Loredana Faraldi, Francesca Tardini, Riccardo Giudici, Stefania Paccagnini, Maria Luisa De Angelis, Roberto Fumagalli, Thomas Langer","doi":"10.1097/MAT.0000000000002330","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) is frequently performed in critically ill patients using diluted citrate for regional anticoagulation. The impact of this renal replacement strategy on plasma sodium has not been evaluated yet. Our aim was therefore to assess the period prevalence of hyponatremia (sodium <135 mmol/L) during CVVH and discuss possible underlying mechanisms. After 48 hours of treatment, 70% of the 27 oligo-anuric critically ill patients were hyponatremic, despite the use of dialysis fluid bags (Regiocit 18/0, Phoxilium by Baxter, Deerfield, IL, and Multibic K2 by Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA, Bad Homburg, Germany) with sodium content of 140 mmol/L. Indeed, sodium decreased from 142 ± 7 to 135 ± 3 mmol/L, p < 0.001. Sodium concentrations of employed dialysis bags were confirmed using ion chromatography. However, ionized sodium of Regiocit measured with a direct-ion selective electrode (ISE) resulted lower (~118 mmol/L), suggesting the presence of sodium-to-citrate complexes. Possible mechanisms explaining the hyponatremia development could therefore include: i) plasma water dilution; ii) a reduced Gibbs-Donnan effect, given the low albumin concentration (2.6 ± 0.8 g/dl) of our critically ill patients; iii) a negative sodium balance due to the loss of sodium-to-citrate complexes across the filter. The clinical implications of the described hyponatremia and the different contributions of the hypothesized mechanisms need to be addressed in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8844,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Hyponatremia in Critically Ill Patients Due to Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration With Diluted Sodium Citrate.\",\"authors\":\"Francesco Zadek, Beatrice Brunoni, Francesca Mulazzani, Francesco Minotti, Loredana Faraldi, Francesca Tardini, Riccardo Giudici, Stefania Paccagnini, Maria Luisa De Angelis, Roberto Fumagalli, Thomas Langer\",\"doi\":\"10.1097/MAT.0000000000002330\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) is frequently performed in critically ill patients using diluted citrate for regional anticoagulation. 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Possible mechanisms explaining the hyponatremia development could therefore include: i) plasma water dilution; ii) a reduced Gibbs-Donnan effect, given the low albumin concentration (2.6 ± 0.8 g/dl) of our critically ill patients; iii) a negative sodium balance due to the loss of sodium-to-citrate complexes across the filter. 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Hyponatremia in Critically Ill Patients Due to Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration With Diluted Sodium Citrate.
Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) is frequently performed in critically ill patients using diluted citrate for regional anticoagulation. The impact of this renal replacement strategy on plasma sodium has not been evaluated yet. Our aim was therefore to assess the period prevalence of hyponatremia (sodium <135 mmol/L) during CVVH and discuss possible underlying mechanisms. After 48 hours of treatment, 70% of the 27 oligo-anuric critically ill patients were hyponatremic, despite the use of dialysis fluid bags (Regiocit 18/0, Phoxilium by Baxter, Deerfield, IL, and Multibic K2 by Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA, Bad Homburg, Germany) with sodium content of 140 mmol/L. Indeed, sodium decreased from 142 ± 7 to 135 ± 3 mmol/L, p < 0.001. Sodium concentrations of employed dialysis bags were confirmed using ion chromatography. However, ionized sodium of Regiocit measured with a direct-ion selective electrode (ISE) resulted lower (~118 mmol/L), suggesting the presence of sodium-to-citrate complexes. Possible mechanisms explaining the hyponatremia development could therefore include: i) plasma water dilution; ii) a reduced Gibbs-Donnan effect, given the low albumin concentration (2.6 ± 0.8 g/dl) of our critically ill patients; iii) a negative sodium balance due to the loss of sodium-to-citrate complexes across the filter. The clinical implications of the described hyponatremia and the different contributions of the hypothesized mechanisms need to be addressed in future studies.
期刊介绍:
ASAIO Journal is in the forefront of artificial organ research and development. On the cutting edge of innovative technology, it features peer-reviewed articles of the highest quality that describe research, development, the most recent advances in the design of artificial organ devices and findings from initial testing. Bimonthly, the ASAIO Journal features state-of-the-art investigations, laboratory and clinical trials, and discussions and opinions from experts around the world.
The official publication of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs.