高密度脂蛋白亚群在心血管疾病中的不同作用。

IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000959
W Sean Davidson, Tomas Vaisar, Jay W Heinecke, Karin E Bornfeldt
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述目的:人们对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平是否与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(CVD)风险有因果关系存有疑虑,这促使人们研究如何确定与 HDL 相关的指标,以更好地反映其心血管保护功能。高密度脂蛋白由不同类型的颗粒组成,这些颗粒的大小、蛋白质和脂质组成以及功能各不相同。本综述将重点介绍最近关于高密度脂蛋白亚群在心血管疾病中的特定作用的研究结果:最近的发现:小的高密度脂蛋白颗粒比大的高密度脂蛋白颗粒更能促进细胞胆固醇外流,因为其表面的脂蛋白 A-I 能更好地与 ABCA1(ATP 结合盒 A 亚家族成员 1)结合。相比之下,大型高密度脂蛋白颗粒能更有效地与内皮细胞上的 B 类 1 型清道夫受体结合,有助于防止低密度脂蛋白进入动脉壁。摘要:高密度脂蛋白由不同大小的亚群颗粒组成,小高密度脂蛋白和大高密度脂蛋白具有选择性的功能作用。高密度脂蛋白的功能可能更多地取决于其亚群的大小和组成,而不是高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平。要了解这些不同的高密度脂蛋白亚群如何影响心血管疾病的发展,还需要进一步的研究。
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Distinct roles of size-defined HDL subpopulations in cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of review: Doubts about whether high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are causally related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have stimulated research on identifying HDL-related metrics that might better reflect its cardioprotective functions. HDL is made up of different types of particles that vary in size, protein and lipid composition, and function. This review focuses on recent findings on the specific roles of HDL subpopulations defined by size in CVD.

Recent findings: Small HDL particles are more effective than larger particles at promoting cellular cholesterol efflux because apolipoprotein A-I on their surface better engages ABCA1 (ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1). In contrast, large HDL particles bind more effectively to scavenger receptor class B type 1 on endothelial cells, which helps prevent LDL from moving into the artery wall. The specific role of medium-sized HDL particles, the most abundant subpopulation, is still unclear.

Summary: HDL is made up of subpopulations of different sizes of particles, with selective functional roles for small and large HDLs. The function of HDL may depend more on the size and composition of its subpopulations than on HDL-C levels. Further research is required to understand how these different HDL subpopulations influence the development of CVD.

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来源期刊
Current opinion in lipidology
Current opinion in lipidology 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
4.50%
发文量
64
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: With its easy-to-digest reviews on important advances in world literature, Current Opinion in Lipidology offers expert evaluation on a wide range of topics from six key disciplines including nutrition and metabolism, genetics and molecular biology, and hyperlipidaemia and cardiovascular disease. Published bimonthly, each issue covers in detail the most pertinent advances in these fields from the previous year. This is supplemented by a section of Bimonthly Updates, which deliver an insight into new developments at the cutting edge of the disciplines covered in the journal.
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