Javed Ahamad Khan, Iqbal Ahmad, Rubina Gill, Fohad Mabood Husain, Thamer Albalawi, Pravej Alam, Tilahun Kenea, Oda Gizaw, Leena A Neyaz, Khaled Elbanna, Hussein H Abulreesh
{"title":"印度北部巴雷利四个中型奶牛场金黄色葡萄球菌分离物的流行率、交叉感染、毒性和多重耐药性概况。","authors":"Javed Ahamad Khan, Iqbal Ahmad, Rubina Gill, Fohad Mabood Husain, Thamer Albalawi, Pravej Alam, Tilahun Kenea, Oda Gizaw, Leena A Neyaz, Khaled Elbanna, Hussein H Abulreesh","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0076","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Milk, a nutritious global important food commodity, serves as an excellent medium for microbial growth as well. The foodborne pathogen <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a commensal member of human microflora that enters the food chain through poor hygienic practices and cross contamination and causes various clinical manifestations in humans. During this study, raw milk and swab samples (milker's hand, udder, towel, milking bucket, and farm floor) were collected from four middle-scale buffalo dairy farms. The results revealed <i>S. aureus</i> presence in 11.6% (<i>n</i> = 56/448) bucket raw milk samples and 2.6% (<i>n</i> = 12/448) udder raw milk samples. Contrarily, <i>S. aureus</i> prevalence was significantly higher in farm floors (100%, <i>n</i> = 84/84), towel (35.7%, <i>n</i> = 10/28), milking bucket (11.6%, <i>n</i> = 56/448), milker's hand (10.7%, <i>n</i> = 3/28), and udder swab samples (4.0%, <i>n</i> = 18/448). The chi-square test yielded <i>p</i> values of 0.000, 0.005, and 0.0011 for udder raw milk, udder swab, and milker's hand swab, respectively. The <i>p</i> values of the milking bucket (<i>p</i> = 0.048) and farm floors (<i>p</i> = 0.0183) confirmed their possible role in <i>S. aureus</i> cross contamination. Gene amplifications of nuclease and enterotoxin A indicate potential virulence of <i>S. aureus</i> isolates in collected samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance in 44% (<i>n</i> = 239) of <i>S. aureus</i> isolates with the highest resistance of 61% against penicillin. Resistance against ampicillin, streptomycin, and lincomycin was observed. Fewer <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were resistant to kanamycin and erythromycin, whereas the lowest number of resistant isolates was observed against chloramphenicol. A high prevalence of <i>S. aureus</i> in the farm environment and milking equipment suggested the cross contamination of potentially enterotoxin-producing and multidrug-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> to raw milk. Therefore, good hygiene practices should be enforced to avoid foodborne and zoonotic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Prevalence, Cross Contamination, Virulence, and Multidrug Resistance Profiles of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from Four Middle-Scale Dairy Farms in Bareilly, Northern India.\",\"authors\":\"Javed Ahamad Khan, Iqbal Ahmad, Rubina Gill, Fohad Mabood Husain, Thamer Albalawi, Pravej Alam, Tilahun Kenea, Oda Gizaw, Leena A Neyaz, Khaled Elbanna, Hussein H Abulreesh\",\"doi\":\"10.1089/fpd.2024.0076\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Milk, a nutritious global important food commodity, serves as an excellent medium for microbial growth as well. The foodborne pathogen <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a commensal member of human microflora that enters the food chain through poor hygienic practices and cross contamination and causes various clinical manifestations in humans. During this study, raw milk and swab samples (milker's hand, udder, towel, milking bucket, and farm floor) were collected from four middle-scale buffalo dairy farms. The results revealed <i>S. aureus</i> presence in 11.6% (<i>n</i> = 56/448) bucket raw milk samples and 2.6% (<i>n</i> = 12/448) udder raw milk samples. Contrarily, <i>S. aureus</i> prevalence was significantly higher in farm floors (100%, <i>n</i> = 84/84), towel (35.7%, <i>n</i> = 10/28), milking bucket (11.6%, <i>n</i> = 56/448), milker's hand (10.7%, <i>n</i> = 3/28), and udder swab samples (4.0%, <i>n</i> = 18/448). The chi-square test yielded <i>p</i> values of 0.000, 0.005, and 0.0011 for udder raw milk, udder swab, and milker's hand swab, respectively. The <i>p</i> values of the milking bucket (<i>p</i> = 0.048) and farm floors (<i>p</i> = 0.0183) confirmed their possible role in <i>S. aureus</i> cross contamination. Gene amplifications of nuclease and enterotoxin A indicate potential virulence of <i>S. aureus</i> isolates in collected samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance in 44% (<i>n</i> = 239) of <i>S. aureus</i> isolates with the highest resistance of 61% against penicillin. Resistance against ampicillin, streptomycin, and lincomycin was observed. Fewer <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were resistant to kanamycin and erythromycin, whereas the lowest number of resistant isolates was observed against chloramphenicol. A high prevalence of <i>S. aureus</i> in the farm environment and milking equipment suggested the cross contamination of potentially enterotoxin-producing and multidrug-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> to raw milk. Therefore, good hygiene practices should be enforced to avoid foodborne and zoonotic infections.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12333,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Foodborne pathogens and disease\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Foodborne pathogens and disease\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0076\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0076","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Prevalence, Cross Contamination, Virulence, and Multidrug Resistance Profiles of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Four Middle-Scale Dairy Farms in Bareilly, Northern India.
Milk, a nutritious global important food commodity, serves as an excellent medium for microbial growth as well. The foodborne pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal member of human microflora that enters the food chain through poor hygienic practices and cross contamination and causes various clinical manifestations in humans. During this study, raw milk and swab samples (milker's hand, udder, towel, milking bucket, and farm floor) were collected from four middle-scale buffalo dairy farms. The results revealed S. aureus presence in 11.6% (n = 56/448) bucket raw milk samples and 2.6% (n = 12/448) udder raw milk samples. Contrarily, S. aureus prevalence was significantly higher in farm floors (100%, n = 84/84), towel (35.7%, n = 10/28), milking bucket (11.6%, n = 56/448), milker's hand (10.7%, n = 3/28), and udder swab samples (4.0%, n = 18/448). The chi-square test yielded p values of 0.000, 0.005, and 0.0011 for udder raw milk, udder swab, and milker's hand swab, respectively. The p values of the milking bucket (p = 0.048) and farm floors (p = 0.0183) confirmed their possible role in S. aureus cross contamination. Gene amplifications of nuclease and enterotoxin A indicate potential virulence of S. aureus isolates in collected samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance in 44% (n = 239) of S. aureus isolates with the highest resistance of 61% against penicillin. Resistance against ampicillin, streptomycin, and lincomycin was observed. Fewer S. aureus isolates were resistant to kanamycin and erythromycin, whereas the lowest number of resistant isolates was observed against chloramphenicol. A high prevalence of S. aureus in the farm environment and milking equipment suggested the cross contamination of potentially enterotoxin-producing and multidrug-resistant S. aureus to raw milk. Therefore, good hygiene practices should be enforced to avoid foodborne and zoonotic infections.
期刊介绍：
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease is one of the most inclusive scientific publications on the many disciplines that contribute to food safety. Spanning an array of issues from "farm-to-fork," the Journal bridges the gap between science and policy to reduce the burden of foodborne illness worldwide.
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease coverage includes:
Agroterrorism
Safety of organically grown and genetically modified foods
Emerging pathogens
Emergence of drug resistance
Methods and technology for rapid and accurate detection
Strategies to destroy or control foodborne pathogens
Novel strategies for the prevention and control of plant and animal diseases that impact food safety
Biosecurity issues and the implications of new regulatory guidelines
Impact of changing lifestyles and consumer demands on food safety.
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