Andrew Chen, Duy P Le, Linda J Smith, Dinesh Kafle, Elizabeth A B Aitken, Donald M Gardiner
{"title":"使用快速、可靠的幼苗筛选方法评估胭脂虫和氧孢镰刀菌对棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)的致病性。","authors":"Andrew Chen, Duy P Le, Linda J Smith, Dinesh Kafle, Elizabeth A B Aitken, Donald M Gardiner","doi":"10.3390/jof10100715","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cotton (<i>Gossypium</i> spp.) is the most important fibre crop worldwide. Black root rot and Fusarium wilt are two major diseases of cotton caused by soil-borne <i>Berkeleyomyces rouxiae</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>vasinfectum</i> (<i>Fov</i>), respectively. Phenotyping plant symptoms caused by soil-borne pathogens has always been a challenge. To increase the uniformity of infection, we adapted a seedling screening method that directly uses liquid cultures to inoculate the plant roots and the soil. Four isolates, each of <i>B. rouxiae</i> and <i>Fov</i>, were collected from cotton fields in Australia and were characterised for virulence on cotton under controlled plant growth conditions. While the identities of all four <i>B. rouxiae</i> isolates were confirmed by multilocus sequencing, only two of them were found to be pathogenic on cotton, suggesting variability in the ability of isolates of this species to cause disease. The four <i>Fov</i> isolates were phylogenetically clustered together with the other Australian <i>Fov</i> isolates and displayed both external and internal symptoms characteristic of Fusarium wilt on cotton plants. Furthermore, the isolates appeared to induce varied levels of plant disease severity indicating differences in their virulence on cotton. To contrast the virulence of the <i>Fov</i> isolates, four putatively non-pathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (<i>Fo</i>) isolates collected from cotton seedlings exhibiting atypical wilt symptoms were assessed for their ability to colonise cotton host. Despite the absence of <i>Secreted in Xylem</i> genes (<i>SIX6</i>, <i>SIX11</i>, <i>SIX13</i> and <i>SIX14</i>) characteristic of <i>Fov</i>, all four <i>Fo</i> isolates retained the ability to colonise cotton and induce wilt symptoms. This suggests that slightly virulent strains of <i>Fo</i> may contribute to the overall occurrence of Fusarium wilt in cotton fields. Findings from this study will allow better distinction to be made between plant pathogens and endophytes and allow fungal effectors underpinning pathogenicity to be explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508790/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Assessing the Pathogenicity of <i>Berkeleyomyces rouxiae</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>vasinfectum</i> on Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) Using a Rapid and Robust Seedling Screening Method.\",\"authors\":\"Andrew Chen, Duy P Le, Linda J Smith, Dinesh Kafle, Elizabeth A B Aitken, Donald M Gardiner\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/jof10100715\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Cotton (<i>Gossypium</i> spp.) is the most important fibre crop worldwide. Black root rot and Fusarium wilt are two major diseases of cotton caused by soil-borne <i>Berkeleyomyces rouxiae</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>vasinfectum</i> (<i>Fov</i>), respectively. Phenotyping plant symptoms caused by soil-borne pathogens has always been a challenge. To increase the uniformity of infection, we adapted a seedling screening method that directly uses liquid cultures to inoculate the plant roots and the soil. Four isolates, each of <i>B. rouxiae</i> and <i>Fov</i>, were collected from cotton fields in Australia and were characterised for virulence on cotton under controlled plant growth conditions. While the identities of all four <i>B. rouxiae</i> isolates were confirmed by multilocus sequencing, only two of them were found to be pathogenic on cotton, suggesting variability in the ability of isolates of this species to cause disease. The four <i>Fov</i> isolates were phylogenetically clustered together with the other Australian <i>Fov</i> isolates and displayed both external and internal symptoms characteristic of Fusarium wilt on cotton plants. Furthermore, the isolates appeared to induce varied levels of plant disease severity indicating differences in their virulence on cotton. To contrast the virulence of the <i>Fov</i> isolates, four putatively non-pathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (<i>Fo</i>) isolates collected from cotton seedlings exhibiting atypical wilt symptoms were assessed for their ability to colonise cotton host. Despite the absence of <i>Secreted in Xylem</i> genes (<i>SIX6</i>, <i>SIX11</i>, <i>SIX13</i> and <i>SIX14</i>) characteristic of <i>Fov</i>, all four <i>Fo</i> isolates retained the ability to colonise cotton and induce wilt symptoms. This suggests that slightly virulent strains of <i>Fo</i> may contribute to the overall occurrence of Fusarium wilt in cotton fields. Findings from this study will allow better distinction to be made between plant pathogens and endophytes and allow fungal effectors underpinning pathogenicity to be explored.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15878,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Fungi\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508790/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Fungi\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100715\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Fungi","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10100715","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Assessing the Pathogenicity of Berkeleyomyces rouxiae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Using a Rapid and Robust Seedling Screening Method.
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the most important fibre crop worldwide. Black root rot and Fusarium wilt are two major diseases of cotton caused by soil-borne Berkeleyomyces rouxiae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov), respectively. Phenotyping plant symptoms caused by soil-borne pathogens has always been a challenge. To increase the uniformity of infection, we adapted a seedling screening method that directly uses liquid cultures to inoculate the plant roots and the soil. Four isolates, each of B. rouxiae and Fov, were collected from cotton fields in Australia and were characterised for virulence on cotton under controlled plant growth conditions. While the identities of all four B. rouxiae isolates were confirmed by multilocus sequencing, only two of them were found to be pathogenic on cotton, suggesting variability in the ability of isolates of this species to cause disease. The four Fov isolates were phylogenetically clustered together with the other Australian Fov isolates and displayed both external and internal symptoms characteristic of Fusarium wilt on cotton plants. Furthermore, the isolates appeared to induce varied levels of plant disease severity indicating differences in their virulence on cotton. To contrast the virulence of the Fov isolates, four putatively non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) isolates collected from cotton seedlings exhibiting atypical wilt symptoms were assessed for their ability to colonise cotton host. Despite the absence of Secreted in Xylem genes (SIX6, SIX11, SIX13 and SIX14) characteristic of Fov, all four Fo isolates retained the ability to colonise cotton and induce wilt symptoms. This suggests that slightly virulent strains of Fo may contribute to the overall occurrence of Fusarium wilt in cotton fields. Findings from this study will allow better distinction to be made between plant pathogens and endophytes and allow fungal effectors underpinning pathogenicity to be explored.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific open access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies related to pathogenic fungi, fungal biology, and all other aspects of fungal research. The journal publishes reviews, regular research papers, and communications in quarterly issues. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on paper length. Full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.