使用快速、可靠的幼苗筛选方法评估胭脂虫和氧孢镰刀菌对棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)的致病性。

IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Journal of Fungi Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.3390/jof10100715
Andrew Chen, Duy P Le, Linda J Smith, Dinesh Kafle, Elizabeth A B Aitken, Donald M Gardiner
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引用次数: 0

摘要

棉花(棉属植物)是全球最重要的纤维作物。黑根腐病和镰刀菌枯萎病是棉花的两种主要病害,分别由土壤传播的胭脂虫(Berkeleyomyces rouxiae)和氧孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, Fov)引起。对土传病原体引起的植物症状进行表型一直是一项挑战。为了提高感染的一致性,我们采用了一种幼苗筛选方法,直接使用液体培养物接种植物根部和土壤。我们从澳大利亚的棉田中收集了四种胭脂虫和 Fov 的分离物,并在受控植物生长条件下鉴定了它们对棉花的毒力。虽然所有四个胭脂虫分离物的身份都通过多焦点测序得到了确认,但其中只有两个被发现对棉花具有致病性,这表明该物种分离物的致病能力存在差异。这四个 Fov 分离物与澳大利亚的其他 Fov 分离物在系统发育上聚集在一起,在棉花植株上表现出镰刀菌枯萎病特有的外部和内部症状。此外,这些分离物似乎会引起不同程度的植物病害,这表明它们对棉花的毒力存在差异。为了对比 Fov 分离物的毒力,我们对从表现出非典型枯萎病症状的棉花幼苗上采集的四种假定非致病的 Fusarium oxysporum(Fo)分离物进行了评估,以确定它们在棉花寄主上的定殖能力。尽管缺乏 Fov 特有的木质部分泌基因(SIX6、SIX11、SIX13 和 SIX14),但所有四种 Fo 分离物都保持了在棉花上定植并诱发枯萎病症状的能力。这表明,棉田中镰刀菌枯萎病的总体发生率可能是由毒性较弱的镰刀菌株造成的。这项研究的结果将有助于更好地区分植物病原体和内生菌,并探索支撑致病性的真菌效应因子。
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Assessing the Pathogenicity of Berkeleyomyces rouxiae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Using a Rapid and Robust Seedling Screening Method.

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the most important fibre crop worldwide. Black root rot and Fusarium wilt are two major diseases of cotton caused by soil-borne Berkeleyomyces rouxiae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov), respectively. Phenotyping plant symptoms caused by soil-borne pathogens has always been a challenge. To increase the uniformity of infection, we adapted a seedling screening method that directly uses liquid cultures to inoculate the plant roots and the soil. Four isolates, each of B. rouxiae and Fov, were collected from cotton fields in Australia and were characterised for virulence on cotton under controlled plant growth conditions. While the identities of all four B. rouxiae isolates were confirmed by multilocus sequencing, only two of them were found to be pathogenic on cotton, suggesting variability in the ability of isolates of this species to cause disease. The four Fov isolates were phylogenetically clustered together with the other Australian Fov isolates and displayed both external and internal symptoms characteristic of Fusarium wilt on cotton plants. Furthermore, the isolates appeared to induce varied levels of plant disease severity indicating differences in their virulence on cotton. To contrast the virulence of the Fov isolates, four putatively non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) isolates collected from cotton seedlings exhibiting atypical wilt symptoms were assessed for their ability to colonise cotton host. Despite the absence of Secreted in Xylem genes (SIX6, SIX11, SIX13 and SIX14) characteristic of Fov, all four Fo isolates retained the ability to colonise cotton and induce wilt symptoms. This suggests that slightly virulent strains of Fo may contribute to the overall occurrence of Fusarium wilt in cotton fields. Findings from this study will allow better distinction to be made between plant pathogens and endophytes and allow fungal effectors underpinning pathogenicity to be explored.

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来源期刊
Journal of Fungi
Journal of Fungi Medicine-Microbiology (medical)
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
14.90%
发文量
1151
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific open access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies related to pathogenic fungi, fungal biology, and all other aspects of fungal research. The journal publishes reviews, regular research papers, and communications in quarterly issues. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on paper length. Full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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