不同模式下工作记忆的衰老过程

IF 3.2 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Neurology International Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI:10.3390/neurolint16050084
Ohad Levi, Eyal Heled
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:工作记忆(WM工作记忆(WM)包括临时存储和处理信息。有关衰老对工作记忆影响的研究表明,视觉和言语工作记忆下降的结果并不一致,而对触觉工作记忆的研究则比较缺乏。本研究旨在使用前向(存储)和后向(操作)阶段的跨度任务,评估衰老对言语、视觉空间和触觉模式的 WM 的影响。研究方法共有 130 名参与者(分为 20-29 岁、60-69 岁、70-79 岁和 80-89 岁四个年龄组)完成了数字跨度、视觉空间跨度和触觉跨度任务。采用 3(任务)×4(组别)×2(阶段)混合设计重复测量方差分析法对成绩进行分析。结果显示分析结果显示,模式(p < 0.001,ηp2 = 0.15)、年龄(p < 0.001,ηp2 = 0.48)和阶段(p < 0.001,ηp2 = 0.30)的主效应明显。数字跨度的表现优于其他模式,而触觉跨度的表现最差。此外,任务成绩随年龄增长而下降,前向阶段优于后向阶段。交互效应表明,与视觉空间跨度和触觉跨度相比,数字跨度受年龄影响较小(p = 0.004,ηp2 = 0.07)。事后分析进一步表明,数字跨度在两个阶段的表现均优于其他模式,在前向阶段观察到的差异更为明显。结论与其他模式相比,言语记忆力对衰老的抵抗力更强,而触觉记忆力则随着年龄的增长而下降,其下降方式与言语和视觉空间记忆力相似,这表明衰老对记忆力的影响具有模式特异性。
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Aging Processes of Working Memory in Different Modalities.

Background: Working memory (WM) involves temporarily storing and manipulating information. Research on the impact of aging on WM has shown inconsistent results regarding the decline in visual and verbal WM, with a lack of studies on tactile WM. This study aimed to assess the effects of aging on WM across verbal, visuospatial, and tactile modalities using span tasks of forward (storage) and backward (manipulation) stages. Methods: A total of 130 participants, divided into four age groups of 20-29, 60-69, 70-79, and 80-89, completed the Digit, Visuospatial, and Tactual Spans. Performance was analyzed using a 3 (Task) × 4 (Group) × 2 (Stage) mixed design repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The analysis revealed significant main effects for modality (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.15), age (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.48), and stage (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.30). Digit Span outperformed the other modalities, while Tactual Span showed the worst performance. Additionally, task performance declined with age, and the forward stage was superior to the backward stage. Interaction effects indicated that Digit Span was less affected by aging compared to the Visuospatial and Tactual Spans (p = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.07). Post hoc analyses further revealed that the Digit Span consistently outperformed the other modalities in both stages, with more pronounced differences observed in the forward stage. Conclusions: Verbal WM is more resilient to aging compared to the other modalities while tactile WM declines with age in a manner similar to verbal and visuospatial WM, suggesting a modality-specific impact of aging on WM.

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来源期刊
Neurology International
Neurology International CLINICAL NEUROLOGY-
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
3.30%
发文量
69
审稿时长
11 weeks
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