[不同垄沟覆盖模式下旱地马铃薯田土壤呼吸和有机碳矿化的特征]。

Q2 Environmental Science Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.202310083
Dan Li, Xiao-Ming Ma, Jia Lei, Jie Yu, Yong-Jin Zhou, Chun-Hua Wu, Rong Li, Xian-Qing Hou
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引用次数: 0

摘要

探索不同垄沟覆盖模式下土壤呼吸速率对水热因子和有机碳矿化的响应机制对区域碳循环发展及其生态效益评估具有重要意义。2020 年,在宁夏南部山区的一块旱作马铃薯田中进行了一项试验研究,设定了三种沟-垄比例[60 cm∶30 cm (R1)、60 cm∶45 cm (R2)、60 cm∶60 cm (R3)]、和 60 厘米∶60 厘米(R3)]结合三种地膜覆盖模式[脊上覆盖普通塑料薄膜,沟内覆盖稻草(DJ)、可降解透水塑料薄膜(DS)和沟内不覆盖地膜(DB)]。]。研究了不同地膜覆盖模式下马铃薯生育期的土壤水热因子、呼吸速率、有机碳含量和矿化特性。作为对照。结果表明,不同沟脊比结合地膜覆盖模式可显著提高0-60 cm土层的土壤蓄水能力,其中R3DJ处理效果更好,比CK处理显著提高24.99%。在马铃薯的整个生命周期中,R2 处理的增温效果最好。在不同的覆盖材料下,DS 处理具有增温效果,DJ 处理具有降温效果。不同的沟垄覆盖模式可显著提高生育期土壤平均呼吸速率,其中 R3DS 处理在不同沟垄覆盖模式中效果最显著,比 CK 处理显著提高 24.71%。收获期 0-20 厘米和 20-40 厘米土层的土壤有机碳含量在 R2 和 R1 田埂上分别较高,在不同覆土材料的 DB 和 DS 处理中也较高。土壤有机碳矿化率在栽培初期迅速下降,中后期缓慢下降并趋于平稳,三种埂比中 R3 处理最高,不同覆土材料中 DS 处理最高。生育期土壤呼吸速率与土壤水热因子的拟合方程显示,土壤水热双因子对土壤呼吸的协同效应高于土壤水热单因子,二次水热双因子能很好地解释86.4%-99.9%的土壤呼吸。相关分析表明,马铃薯全生育期的平均土壤呼吸速率与 0-25 cm 土层的平均土壤温度和 0-40 cm 土层的平均土壤有机碳矿化速率高度显著正相关,土壤温度与有机碳矿化速率高度显著正相关。结果表明,沟脊比结合地膜覆盖模式可改善土壤水热环境,提高土壤有机碳矿化率,从而影响土壤呼吸速率,其中沟脊比为 60 cm∶45 cm 或 60 cm∶60 cm 的沟脊地膜覆盖沟覆盖可降解渗水地膜覆盖模式效果更好。
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[Characteristics of Soil Respiration and Organic Carbon Mineralization in Dryland Potato Fields Under Different Ridge-furrow Mulching Patterns].

Exploring the response mechanism of soil respiration rate to hydrothermal factors and organic carbon mineralization under different ridge-furrow mulching modes is of high importance for the development of the regional carbon cycle and assessment of its ecological benefits. An experimental study was carried out in 2020 in a dry-crop potato field in the mountainous area of southern Ningxia by setting three furrow-ridge ratios [60 cm∶30 cm (R1), 60 cm∶45 cm (R2), and 60 cm∶60 cm (R3)] combined with three mulching modes [ridge covered with ordinary plastic film, furrow covered with straw (DJ), degradable water-permeable plastic film (DS), and no mulching (DB) in furrows, respectively]. The soil hydrothermal factors, respiration rate, organic carbon content, and mineralization characteristics of potatoes during the reproductive period under different mulching modes were investigated with plain mulching without mulching (CK) as the control. The results showed that different furrow-ridge ratios combined with the mulching mode could significantly increase the soil water storage capacity in the 0-60 cm layer, and the R3DJ treatment had a better effect, with a significant increase of 24.99% compared with that in CK. The R2 treatment had the best effect of increasing temperature during the whole life cycle of the potato. The DS treatment had the effect of increasing temperature, and the DJ treatment had the effect of decreasing temperature under different mulching materials. Different furrow and ridge cover patterns could significantly increase the average soil respiration rate during the reproductive period, and the R3DS treatment was the most significant among the different furrow and ridge cover patterns, with a significant increase of 24.71% compared with that in the CK treatment. The soil organic carbon content in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layers at harvest time was higher in the R2 and R1 ridges, respectively, and higher in the DB and DS treatments for different mulching materials. The soil organic carbon mineralization rate declined rapidly in the early stage of cultivation and then slowly declined and leveled off in the middle and late stages, which was highest in the R3 treatment for the three types of ridge ratios and highest in the DS treatment for different mulching materials. The fitting equations of soil respiration rate with soil hydrothermal factors during the reproductive period revealed that the synergistic effect of soil hydrothermal dual factors on soil respiration was higher than that of a soil hydrothermal single factor and that the quadratic hydrothermal dual factors could well explain 86.4% to 99.9% of the soil respiration. Correlation analysis showed that the average soil respiration rate during the whole life span of the potato was highly significantly and positively correlated with the average soil temperature in the 0-25 cm layer and the average soil organic carbon mineralization rate in the 0-40 cm layer, and the soil temperature was highly significantly and positively correlated with the organic carbon mineralization rate. The furrow-ridge ratio combined with the mulching mode was shown to improve the soil hydrothermal environment and increase the rate of organic carbon mineralization, thus affecting the soil respiration rate, with a furrow-ridge ratio of 60 cm∶45 cm or 60 cm∶60 cm under the ridge mulching mulch ditch covering biodegradable seepage mulch mode being more effective.

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来源期刊
Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science Environmental Science-Environmental Science (all)
CiteScore
4.40
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发文量
15329
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