[黄河流域生态补偿分布的时空态势、区域差异与动态演变]。

Q2 Environmental Science Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.202312039
Zheng-Nan Zhao, Shao-Feng Ru
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在区域协调发展和生态环境治理能力现代化背景下,跨界流域空间协同治理受到广泛关注,但流域生态补偿面临权责关系交织、横向生态补偿机制尚未完善等问题。基于应急生态足迹模型,测算了黄河流域90个城市2007-2021年的生态补偿额,并结合探索性空间数据分析、达古姆基尼系数、核密度估计、空间马尔科夫链分析等方法,探讨了其分布的时空格局、区域差异和动态演化特征。结果表明:①黄河流域生态补偿时空格局不同,生态补偿额在波动中略有减少,总体上由西北向东南梯度增加,高值区集中在生态本底优越或经济发达地区,部分上游城市为维护黄河流域生态安全放弃了很多发展机会,但未能获得合理的生态补偿。② 生态补偿出现了明显的正向空间集聚现象,总体空间分布呈 "北冷南热 "趋势。低补偿区和低补偿区数量逐渐减少,呈现出由外围向中心逐渐缩小的集聚布局,而高补偿区和高补偿区数量持续增加,形成了分散分布与组团分布并存的空间演化特征。生态补偿的区域总体差异扩大。过度变异密度是整体差异的主要来源,缓解区域内和区域间差异的重点在下游地区。生态补偿中存在轻微的多级分化现象。不同相邻地区对生态补偿横向转移的影响存在较大差异。这种空间溢出效应容易在一定地理空间范围内形成 "空间俱乐部趋同 "现象,但随着时间的扩展,各城市生态补偿维持原有水平的概率降低,流动性逐渐增强。因此,加大不同领域的生态补偿投入,加强区域间的协调发展,充分发挥空间溢出效应,是解决当前黄河流域生态补偿空间失衡的重要途径。
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[Spatio-temporal Situation, Regional Differences, and Dynamic Evolution of the Distribution of Ecological Compensation in the Yellow River Basin].

In the context of regional coordinated development and modernization of ecological and environmental governance capacity, the spatial collaborative governance of transboundary river basins has received extensive attention, but the ecological compensation of river basins is faced with the intertwined relationship of rights and responsibilities, and the horizontal ecological compensation mechanism has not yet been perfected. Based on the emergy ecological footprint model, the ecological compensation amount of 90 cities in the Yellow River Basin in 2007-2021 was measured, and the spatiotemporal pattern, regional differences, and dynamic evolution characteristics of distribution were explored by combining exploratory spatial data analysis, Dagum Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation, and spatial Markov chain analysis. The results showed that: ① The spatiotemporal pattern of ecological compensation in the Yellow River Basin was different, the ecological compensation amount decreased slightly in the fluctuation and increased from the northwest to southeast gradient in general, and the high-value areas were concentrated in the areas with a superior ecological background or developed economy, and some upstream cities had given up many development opportunities to maintain the ecological security of the Yellow River Basin, however, failed to obtain reasonable ecological compensation. ② A significant positive spatial agglomeration phenomenon was observed in ecological compensation and the overall spatial distribution trend was "cold in the north and hot in the south." The number of low-payment areas and low-compensation areas gradually decreased, showing a gradually shrinking agglomeration layout from the periphery to the center, whereas the number of high-payment areas and high-compensation areas continued to increase and formed a spatial evolution characteristic of the coexistence of scattered distribution and group distribution. ③ The overall regional differences in ecological compensation expanded. The over-variation density was the main source of the overall differences, and the focus on alleviating the intra-regional and inter-regional differences was located in the downstream areas. ④ A slight multi-level differentiation phenomenon was present in ecological compensation. The influence of different neighbors on the horizontal transfer of ecological compensation was quite different. This spatial spillover effect easily formed a "space club convergence" phenomenon within a certain geographical spatial range, but with the expansion of time, the probability of maintaining the original level of ecological compensation in each city decreased, and mobility gradually increased. Therefore, increasing the investment in ecological compensation in different fields, strengthening the coordinated development between regions, and giving full play to the spatial spillover effect are important ways to solve the current spatial imbalance of ecological compensation in the Yellow River Basin.

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Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science Environmental Science-Environmental Science (all)
CiteScore
4.40
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15329
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