城市街区建筑和社会环境特征与中老年人身体机能之间的关系:系统综述。

IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117412
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引用次数: 0

摘要

越来越多的人认识到邻里因素与个人健康之间的关系。本系统性综述以横断面和纵向研究设计为重点,研究了 45 岁以上中老年人的城市街区建筑和社会环境特征与身体机能的不同测量指标之间的关系。这是对 COVID-19 大流行后有关这一主题的出版物增加的回应。该系统性综述包括从 8 个数据库中获取的 2018 年以来用英语撰写的 25 项研究。研究被导入 Covidence,并按照 "系统性综述和元分析首选报告项目"(PRISMA)协议进行审查。研究结果根据 13 个邻里环境变量进行评估:美学、犯罪安全、绿化和公园、土地使用组合和目的地、邻里劣势、行人/街道基础设施、公共交通、居住密度、社会环境、街道连通性、交通安全、可步行性和复合变量。研究发现,土地利用组合和目的地、步行能力、犯罪安全、绿化和公园、社会环境以及邻里劣势与中老年人的身体机能存在预期的重要联系。在住宅密度和美学方面,预期关联的证据较弱。今后有关该主题的研究途径包括调查不同地域和人群的建筑和社会邻里环境,考虑住房状况和邻里环境接触时间,使用更长时间的纵向调查和客观测量。
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Associations between the urban neighbourhood built and social environment characteristics with physical functioning among mid- and older-aged adults: A systematic review
There is growing recognition of the association between neighbourhood factors and individuals' health. This systematic review examines the associations between urban neighbourhood built and social environment characteristics with different measures of physical functioning among mid- and older-aged adults over 45 years, focusing on cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs. It responds to the increase in publications on this topic following the COVID-19 pandemic. The systematic review included 25 studies written in English from 2018 onwards sourced from 8 databases. Studies were imported into Covidence and reviewed following the ‘Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis’ (PRISMA) protocols. Findings were assessed according to 13 neighbourhood environment variables: aesthetics, crime safety, greenness and parks, land use mix and destinations, neighbourhood disadvantage, pedestrian/street infrastructure, public transport, residential density, social environment, street connectivity, traffic safety, walkability, and composite variables. Significant associations in the expected direction were found for land use mix and destinations, walkability, crime safety, greenness and parks, social environment, and neighbourhood disadvantage with physical functioning in mid- and older-aged adults. Weaker evidence of expected associations was found for residential density and aesthetics. Future research avenues on this topic include investigating built and social neighbourhood environments in diverse geographies and populations, considering housing status and length of exposure to the neighbourhood environment, using longitudinal surveys over longer time periods and objective measurements.
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来源期刊
Social Science & Medicine
Social Science & Medicine PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
5.60%
发文量
762
审稿时长
38 days
期刊介绍: Social Science & Medicine provides an international and interdisciplinary forum for the dissemination of social science research on health. We publish original research articles (both empirical and theoretical), reviews, position papers and commentaries on health issues, to inform current research, policy and practice in all areas of common interest to social scientists, health practitioners, and policy makers. The journal publishes material relevant to any aspect of health from a wide range of social science disciplines (anthropology, economics, epidemiology, geography, policy, psychology, and sociology), and material relevant to the social sciences from any of the professions concerned with physical and mental health, health care, clinical practice, and health policy and organization. We encourage material which is of general interest to an international readership.
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