Peripheral Neuropathic Pain.

Objective: This article synthesizes current knowledge on neuropathic pain, with a brief review of mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies to help neurologists provide effective and individualized care for patients with this complex condition.

Latest developments: The most promising developments in peripheral neuropathic pain are related to the molecular biology of the peripheral nervous system. Systematic molecular and genetic analyses of peripheral nerve terminals and dorsal root ganglia have advanced our understanding of the genetics of function and disease of peripheral nerves, as well as their physiology and clinical manifestations.

Essential points: Peripheral neuropathic pain, similar to central neuropathic pain, is primarily influenced by the biology and pathophysiology of the underlying structures, peripheral sensory nerves, and their central pathways. The clinical course is widely variable in sensory symptoms and intensities, natural history, and response to treatments.