退火和晶界控制对灰岩和大理石机械特性的作用

IF 7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.105926
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在许多地质和地球化学环境中,化学和机械过程是相互关联的。反应过程会使缺陷退火并重组晶界,从而改变其弹性特性、内摩擦力水平、波传播速度和断裂行为。然而,这些变化的性质取决于岩石的初始状态。在这项研究中,我们使用脉冲激励来测量三种碳酸盐岩在 300 °C 下的机械特性变化与干燥和蒸汽加热时间的函数关系:卡拉拉大理石、迦太基大理石(伯灵顿石灰岩)和德克萨斯奶油石灰岩(爱德华兹石灰岩)的初始孔隙率分别约为 1%、3% 和 27%。观察到频率相关现象以及矿物再结晶。结合小角 X 射线和中子散射分析,确定了块体机械性能和微观结构性能变化之间的关系。观察到实验石灰岩的杨氏模量和剪切模量都随加热时间而降低,这反映并量化了退火导致的岩石刚度降低。随着反应时间的延长,样品的内摩擦力先增大后减小,这反映了缺陷退火,但这又与晶界溶解相平衡,显然是由于蒸汽在封闭的晶界环境中凝结造成的。这表明,在密闭条件下,沸点升高会导致溶解、孔隙率增加和晶界扩大。此外,对小角 X 射线和中子散射结果的比较表明,在对典型的小角散射样品进行定量分析时,假设孔隙是空的是不恰当的。
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The role of annealing and grain boundary controls on the mechanical properties of limestones and marbles
Chemical and mechanical processes are coupled in many geological and geochemical environments. Reactive processes anneal defects and restructure grain boundaries, modifying their elastic properties, levels of internal friction, wave propagation rates and fracture behaviors. The nature of these changes is, however, contingent on the initial state of the rock. In this study, impulse excitation was used to measure changes in mechanical properties as a function of dry and steam heating time at 300 °C for three carbonate rocks: Carrara marble, Carthage marble (Burlington Limestone), and Texas Cream limestone (Edwards limestone), with initial porosities of about 1 %, 3 %, and 27 %, respectively. Frequency-dependent phenomena along with mineral recrystallization were observed. This was coupled with small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering analysis to determine the relationship between changes in bulk mechanical and microstructural properties. An observed decrease in both the Young's and shear moduli in the experimental limestones as a function of heating time reflects and quantifies a reduction in the stiffness of the rock due to annealing. The internal friction of the samples first increases then decreases with reaction time, reflecting defect annealing, but this was balanced against grain boundary dissolution apparently driven by condensation of steam in the confined grain-boundary environment. This suggests an increase in the boiling point under confinement leading to dissolution, increased porosity and widening of the grain boundaries. In addition, comparison of small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering results suggests that it is inappropriate to assume that pores are empty for quantitative analysis of typical small-angle scattering samples.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.00
自引率
5.60%
发文量
196
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences focuses on original research, new developments, site measurements, and case studies within the fields of rock mechanics and rock engineering. Serving as an international platform, it showcases high-quality papers addressing rock mechanics and the application of its principles and techniques in mining and civil engineering projects situated on or within rock masses. These projects encompass a wide range, including slopes, open-pit mines, quarries, shafts, tunnels, caverns, underground mines, metro systems, dams, hydro-electric stations, geothermal energy, petroleum engineering, and radioactive waste disposal. The journal welcomes submissions on various topics, with particular interest in theoretical advancements, analytical and numerical methods, rock testing, site investigation, and case studies.
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