慢性乙型肝炎:预防、诊断和治疗,防患于未然。

IF 2.5 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY World Journal of Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i10.1151
Sudheer Marrapu, Ramesh Kumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

乙型肝炎仍然是全球健康面临的一项重大挑战,导致大量患者发病和死亡。全世界约有 2.54 亿人患有慢性乙型肝炎(CHB),其中大多数病例发生在撒哈拉以南非洲和西太平洋地区。令人担忧的是,仅有约 13.4% 的感染者得到了诊断,在撒哈拉以南非洲地区,对乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染状况的认知率低至 1%。2022 年,CHB 导致全球 110 万人死亡。世界卫生组织(WHO)制定了到 2030 年消除乙型肝炎这一公共卫生问题的目标;然而,由于面临多重挑战,这一目标似乎越来越难以实现。这些挑战包括:疫苗接种覆盖率低;未确诊病例数量大;根据现行指南符合治疗条件的患者比例低;获得医疗保健的途径有限;以及与终身治疗相关的费用。治疗 HBV 可在较长的时间窗口内产生显著的临床疗效。然而,如果疾病在肝硬化晚期才被发现,治疗效果就会大打折扣。这篇社论旨在强调当前肝炎治疗面临的挑战,以及实现世界卫生组织 2030 年消除肝炎目标的必要步骤。
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Chronic hepatitis B: Prevent, diagnose, and treat before the point of no return.

Hepatitis B remains a significant global health challenge, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality. Approximately 254 million people worldwide live with Chronic hepatitis B (CHB), with the majority of cases occurring in sub-Saharan Africa and the Western Pacific regions. Alarmingly, only about 13.4% of the individuals infected with this disease have been diagnosed, and awareness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status is as low as 1% in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2022, CHB led to 1.1 million deaths globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a target of eliminating hepatitis B as a public health concern by 2030; however, this goal appears increasingly unattainable due to multiple challenges. These challenges include low vaccination coverage; a large number of undiagnosed cases; a low proportion of patients eligible for treatment under current guidelines; limited access to healthcare; and the costs associated with lifelong treatment. Treatment of HBV can yield significant clinical benefits within a long window of opportunity. However, the benefits of therapy are markedly diminished when the disease is detected at the advanced cirrhosis stage. This editorial aim to highlight the current challenges in hepatitis care and the necessary steps to achieve the WHO's hepatitis elimination goals for 2030.

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来源期刊
World Journal of Hepatology
World Journal of Hepatology GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
172
期刊最新文献
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