Temporal trajectory and left ventricular ejection fraction association of eight circulating biomarkers in first acute myocardial infarction patients: a 12-month prospective cohort study.

Aims: Our study aimed to explore the temporal trajectory of eight circulating biomarkers, measured serially over 12 months, in a prospective observational cohort of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to investigate the association between these biomarkers and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during follow-up assessments.

Methods and results: We enrolled 155 patients admitted for a first AMI requiring percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Baseline characteristics, laboratory test results, and cardiac ultrasound examinations were collected at pre-PCI (H0), immediately post-PCI (H24), at discharge (D3), and at 6 months (M6) and 12 months (M12) post-PCI. Blood samples were analysed for established and emerging biomarkers described in left ventricular dysfunction: soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), osteopontin, angiopoietin-2, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), hepcidin, and galectin-3. Values at H24, D3, M6, and M12 were compared with value at H0. Three kinetic profiles were identified, with six biomarkers peaking during the acute MI phase. Crude relationships between clinical variables and the peak values (highest observed between H0 and D3) of each biomarker were studied. Peak levels of sST2, IL-6, osteopontin, and angiopoietin-2 demonstrated significant correlations with both baseline and follow-up LVEF values.

Conclusion: The assessment of the temporal trajectories of these biomarkers and their associations with LVEF suggests that sST2, IL-6, osteopontin, and angiopoietin-2 hold significant promise as companion biomarkers. These biomarkers may improve the identification of patients at risk for developing impaired LVEF following AMI, thereby enabling more targeted and effective management strategies.