{"title":"利用土壤分类改进对土壤健康生物指标的解释","authors":"K.A. Congreves, Q. Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117085","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concept of soil health recognizes soil as a living and dynamic natural system, a notion that aptly fits in the realm of biology. However, soil health tests and scoring tools are often dominated by indicators other than soil biology, such as soil fertility and chemistry. Biological indicators of soil health remain understudied and underrepresented in soil health assessments. To address this gap, here we evaluate soil attributes that reflect biological functions and vitality (including organic and total C, total N, mineralized C, extracellular enzyme activity, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis for microbial biomass and adaptation response ratio (ARR)). We assess if these biological indicators can be contextualized by soil classification and measure their responsiveness to agricultural management practices in Prairie region of Saskatchewan Canada. Despite the dynamic nature of biological indicators of soil health, we find that soil classification by great group constrains measurements and serves as a useful contextualizing factor to adjust scoring functions. Further, we find biological indicators of soil health (namely soil organic C, total N, and P and S enzyme activity) generally improve with more regenerative crop production practices such as cover cropping or organic management. Although other indicators such as CO<sub>2</sub> mineralization, N and C cycling enzymes, PLFA and ARR showed fewer differences among crop production practices, all were greater under prairie grassland than cropland. In contextualizing soil health scores by soil classification and including biological indicators of soil health that embody soil pools, processes, and life, soil health assessments will not only better represent soil biology and appropriately contextualize soil health scores, but also move towards better targeting soil functioning and vitality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"451 ","pages":"Article 117085"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Using soil classification to improve interpretation of biological soil health indicators\",\"authors\":\"K.A. Congreves, Q. Wu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117085\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The concept of soil health recognizes soil as a living and dynamic natural system, a notion that aptly fits in the realm of biology. However, soil health tests and scoring tools are often dominated by indicators other than soil biology, such as soil fertility and chemistry. Biological indicators of soil health remain understudied and underrepresented in soil health assessments. To address this gap, here we evaluate soil attributes that reflect biological functions and vitality (including organic and total C, total N, mineralized C, extracellular enzyme activity, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis for microbial biomass and adaptation response ratio (ARR)). We assess if these biological indicators can be contextualized by soil classification and measure their responsiveness to agricultural management practices in Prairie region of Saskatchewan Canada. Despite the dynamic nature of biological indicators of soil health, we find that soil classification by great group constrains measurements and serves as a useful contextualizing factor to adjust scoring functions. Further, we find biological indicators of soil health (namely soil organic C, total N, and P and S enzyme activity) generally improve with more regenerative crop production practices such as cover cropping or organic management. Although other indicators such as CO<sub>2</sub> mineralization, N and C cycling enzymes, PLFA and ARR showed fewer differences among crop production practices, all were greater under prairie grassland than cropland. In contextualizing soil health scores by soil classification and including biological indicators of soil health that embody soil pools, processes, and life, soil health assessments will not only better represent soil biology and appropriately contextualize soil health scores, but also move towards better targeting soil functioning and vitality.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12511,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Geoderma\",\"volume\":\"451 \",\"pages\":\"Article 117085\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Geoderma\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016706124003148\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SOIL SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Geoderma","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016706124003148","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SOIL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Using soil classification to improve interpretation of biological soil health indicators
The concept of soil health recognizes soil as a living and dynamic natural system, a notion that aptly fits in the realm of biology. However, soil health tests and scoring tools are often dominated by indicators other than soil biology, such as soil fertility and chemistry. Biological indicators of soil health remain understudied and underrepresented in soil health assessments. To address this gap, here we evaluate soil attributes that reflect biological functions and vitality (including organic and total C, total N, mineralized C, extracellular enzyme activity, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis for microbial biomass and adaptation response ratio (ARR)). We assess if these biological indicators can be contextualized by soil classification and measure their responsiveness to agricultural management practices in Prairie region of Saskatchewan Canada. Despite the dynamic nature of biological indicators of soil health, we find that soil classification by great group constrains measurements and serves as a useful contextualizing factor to adjust scoring functions. Further, we find biological indicators of soil health (namely soil organic C, total N, and P and S enzyme activity) generally improve with more regenerative crop production practices such as cover cropping or organic management. Although other indicators such as CO2 mineralization, N and C cycling enzymes, PLFA and ARR showed fewer differences among crop production practices, all were greater under prairie grassland than cropland. In contextualizing soil health scores by soil classification and including biological indicators of soil health that embody soil pools, processes, and life, soil health assessments will not only better represent soil biology and appropriately contextualize soil health scores, but also move towards better targeting soil functioning and vitality.
期刊介绍:
Geoderma - the global journal of soil science - welcomes authors, readers and soil research from all parts of the world, encourages worldwide soil studies, and embraces all aspects of soil science and its associated pedagogy. The journal particularly welcomes interdisciplinary work focusing on dynamic soil processes and functions across space and time.