Unravelling The charge storage mechanism in V2O5 nanorods through Systematic structural and electrochemical study

In the present research, we report on vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) nanorods, fabricated via a simple sol–gel route, which displayed exceptional performance as electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Rigorous structural and morphological analyses were employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the key physical parameters involved. Subsequently, standard electroanalytical techniques, including scan rate study (CV), galvanostatic charging/discharging (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were used for detailed electrochemical assessment and to investigate the influence of physical parameters on electrochemical attributes. The investigated electrode material displayed a specific capacitance of 365F g⁻¹ at a current density of 1 A g⁻¹ in 2 M NaOH electrolyte. The nominated electrode also exhibited an outstanding energy density of 12.67 Wh kg⁻¹ at an adequate power density of 247.15 W kg⁻¹, with an impressive capacitance retention of 91 % over 5000 cycles. The choice of material, along with the nanostructured design featuring rod-like morphology, played a crucial role in achieving superior performance as a supercapacitor electrode. These insights are vital for investigating structural and morphological changes in V₂O₅-based materials during electrochemical operations.