5-7 岁儿童听觉统计学习的特定领域神经基础

IF 3.6 Q1 LINGUISTICS Neurobiology of Language Pub Date : 2024-10-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1162/nol_a_00156
Tengwen Fan, Will Decker, Julie Schneider
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引用次数: 0

摘要

统计学习(SL)是一种快速跟踪统计规律性和学习环境模式的能力。最近的研究表明,统计学习受到特定领域特征的限制,而不是一种跨领域和跨模态的统一学习机制。这种领域特异性反映在神经水平上,因为 SL 主要发生在参与处理特定模式或输入领域的区域。然而,我们对SL如何受发育中大脑领域特异性特征的制约还严重缺乏了解。本研究旨在确定儿童听觉语言性和非语言性SL的功能神经特征。30 名 5 至 7 岁的儿童完成了一项听觉 fMRI SL 任务,该任务包含结构化和随机音节/音序交织的序列。通过传统的群体单变量分析和群体受限的特定受试者分析,额叶和颞叶皮层在处理语言和非语言领域的结构化序列和随机序列时都显示出显著的激活。然而,联合分析未能发现跨领域的重叠神经指数。这些发现首次比较了发育中大脑中支持语言和非语言规律性的听觉可视化的脑区,并表明发育中儿童的听觉可视化可能受到特定领域特征的限制。
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The Domain-Specific Neural Basis of Auditory Statistical Learning in 5-7-Year-Old Children.

Statistical learning (SL) is the ability to rapidly track statistical regularities and learn patterns in the environment. Recent studies show that SL is constrained by domain-specific features, rather than being a uniform learning mechanism across domains and modalities. This domain-specificity has been reflected at the neural level, as SL occurs in regions primarily involved in processing of specific modalities or domains of input. However, our understanding of how SL is constrained by domain-specific features in the developing brain is severely lacking. The present study aims to identify the functional neural profiles of auditory SL of linguistic and nonlinguistic regularities among children. Thirty children between 5 and 7 years old completed an auditory fMRI SL task containing interwoven sequences of structured and random syllable/tone sequences. Using traditional group univariate analyses and a group-constrained subject-specific analysis, frontal and temporal cortices showed significant activation when processing structured versus random sequences across both linguistic and nonlinguistic domains. However, conjunction analyses failed to identify overlapping neural indices across domains. These findings are the first to compare brain regions supporting SL of linguistic and nonlinguistic regularities in the developing brain and indicate that auditory SL among developing children may be constrained by domain-specific features.

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来源期刊
Neurobiology of Language
Neurobiology of Language Social Sciences-Linguistics and Language
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
6.20%
发文量
32
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊最新文献
The Domain-Specific Neural Basis of Auditory Statistical Learning in 5-7-Year-Old Children. Lexical Surprisal Shapes the Time Course of Syntactic Structure Building. A Comparison of Denoising Approaches for Spoken Word Production Related Artefacts in Continuous Multiband fMRI Data. Neural Mechanisms of Learning and Consolidation of Morphologically Derived Words in a Novel Language: Evidence From Hebrew Speakers. Language and the Cerebellum: Structural Connectivity to the Eloquent Brain.
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