The effect of wind and solar radiation on deterioration developments in historic buildings: Şeyh Osman Rumi Tomb, Central Turkey

Atmospheric processes play an important role in the deterioration of cultural stone heritage. In the development of these processes, the intensity of solar radiation and wind velocity, to which building stones are exposed, are the factors that directly determine the type and degree of deterioration. These factors play a determinative role in the development of atmospheric processes by varying according to the microclimatic environments around the cultural heritage. Solar and wind simulations can yield effective results in shedding light on the deterioration due to the microclimatic environments where historic buildings are located. In this study, the tomb of Şeyh Osman Rumi, where deteriorations resulting from the microclimatic environment effects created by trees, high buildings, and topography were observed, was examined. To this end, solar and wind effects in the building were investigated by De Luminae software and web-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation methods, respectively. According to the simulation results, the elements that make up the microclimatic environment caused variability in capillary levels by changing the wind direction and velocity with the solar radiation value on the monument facades and directly influenced the type and intensity of deterioration.