医学专业人员淘汰计划与纳粹医生的意识形态和动机》(The Medical Professional Elimination Program and the Ideology and Motivation of Nazi Physicians)。

IF 1.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.5041/RMMJ.10533
George M Weisz, Deborah E-S Hemstreet
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引用次数: 0

摘要

1933 年新总理的任命标志着德国第三帝国的开始。纳粹党的意识形态侧重于建立一个以民族主义和种族优越为特征的纯雅利安国家。他们的目标将通过极权主义的政府形式来实现,这种政府强制征服、排斥和消灭那些他们定义为劣等的少数民族,尤其是被视为非人类的犹太人。纳粹意识形态的实施要求将犹太人和其他持不同政见者,尤其是犹太医生,排除在他们的职业之外。对犹太医生的排斥在本文中被称为 "医疗职业淘汰计划",在被第三帝国吞并的国家中,尤其是在合并后的奥地利,该计划逐渐被强加于其他犹太职业。为什么德国和奥地利的医生支持纳粹的种族意识形态,支持将犹太医生排除在一切可能的影响范围之外,并随后参与犯罪医学研究和实验,以及对被认为对社会无贡献者实施安乐死,并参与改进死亡集中营的有效性?医疗专业人员淘汰计划是一个机会主义的政治概念,还是根深蒂固的意识形态的一部分?带着这些问题,我们对四位重要的纳粹医生和两个机构的生平进行了研究。
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The Medical Professional Elimination Program and the Ideology and Motivation of Nazi Physicians.

The appointment of a new chancellor in 1933 marked the beginning of the Third Reich in Germany. The ideology of the Nazi Party focused on establishing a pure Aryan state characterized by nationalism and racial superiority. Their goals would be achieved through a totalitarian form of government that enforced the subjugation, exclusion, and elimination of those they defined as inferior minorities, particularly Jews, who were depicted as non-human. Implementation of the Nazi ideology required the exclusion of Jewish people and other dissenters, particularly Jewish physicians, from their professions. The exclusion of Jewish physicians, referred to herein as a "Medical Professional Elimination Program," was gradually imposed on other Jewish professions in nations absorbed by the Third Reich, and particularly enforced by incorporated Austria. Why did German and Austrian doctors support the Nazi racial ideology, the removal of Jewish physicians from every possible sphere of influence, and subsequently participate in criminal medical research and experimentation, as well as euthanasia of perceived non-contributors to society, and become involved in refining the effectiveness of the death camps? Was the Medical Professional Elimination Program an opportunistic political concept, or was it part of an entrenched ideology? With these questions in mind, the lives of four key Nazi physicians and two institutions are examined.

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来源期刊
Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal
Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
6.70%
发文量
55
审稿时长
8 weeks
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