Takara Shinohara, Kazuaki Kisu, Shigeyuki Takagi and Shin-ichi Orimo
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The results indicate that a heat-treatment temperature of 433 K provides Ca(CB<small><sub>11</sub></small>H<small><sub>12</sub></small>)<small><sub>2</sub></small> with higher ion conductivity (<em>σ</em> = 1.42 × 10<small><sup>−4</sup></small> S cm<small><sup>−1</sup></small>) than the other heating temperatures. Thus, 433 K is considered optimal because [CB<small><sub>11</sub></small>H<small><sub>12</sub></small>]<small><sup>−</sup></small> anions decompose when heat-treated at and above 453 K. Furthermore, the insertion and deinsertion of Ca<small><sup>2+</sup></small> ions are stable and reversible in symmetric cells employing Ca–Sn alloy electrodes, representing the first time this has been observed for an inorganic solid-state calcium-ion conductor. Such insertion and deinsertion highlight the potential of Ca(CB<small><sub>11</sub></small>H<small><sub>12</sub></small>)<small><sub>2</sub></small> as a solid-state electrolyte for battery applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72913,"journal":{"name":"Energy advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/ya/d4ya00441h?page=search","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Investigating the ion conductivity and synthesis conditions of calcium monocarborane solid-state electrolytes†\",\"authors\":\"Takara Shinohara, Kazuaki Kisu, Shigeyuki Takagi and Shin-ichi Orimo\",\"doi\":\"10.1039/D4YA00441H\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p >Multivalent-ion and all-solid-state batteries have emerged as potential solutions to address resource concerns and safety issues. Calcium is a promising element for multivalent-ion batteries owing to its abundance in the Earth's crust and low reduction potential. In addition, complex hydrides exhibit both high ion conductivity and reduction stability, making them suitable materials for solid-state ion conductors. In this study, we investigated the thermal stability and optimised the synthesis conditions of calcium monocarborane, namely, Ca(CB<small><sub>11</sub></small>H<small><sub>12</sub></small>)<small><sub>2</sub></small>, which is a <em>closo</em>-type calcium complex hydride. In addition, we conducted electrochemical analysis to assess its performance as a solid-state divalent-ion conductor. The results indicate that a heat-treatment temperature of 433 K provides Ca(CB<small><sub>11</sub></small>H<small><sub>12</sub></small>)<small><sub>2</sub></small> with higher ion conductivity (<em>σ</em> = 1.42 × 10<small><sup>−4</sup></small> S cm<small><sup>−1</sup></small>) than the other heating temperatures. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
多价离子电池和全固态电池已成为解决资源问题和安全问题的潜在解决方案。钙在地壳中含量丰富,还原电位低,是一种很有前景的多价离子电池元素。此外,复杂的氢化物同时具有高离子传导性和还原稳定性,使其成为固态离子导体的合适材料。在本研究中,我们研究了单碳硼烷钙(即 Ca(CB11H12)2)的热稳定性,并优化了其合成条件。此外,我们还进行了电化学分析,以评估其作为固态二价离子导体的性能。结果表明,热处理温度为 433 K 时,Ca(CB11H12)2 的离子导电率(σ = 1.42 × 10-4 S cm-1)高于其他加热温度。此外,在使用钙锑合金电极的对称电池中,Ca2+ 离子的插入和脱出是稳定和可逆的,这是首次在无机固态钙离子导体中观察到这种情况。这种插入和脱出凸显了 Ca(CB11H12)2 作为固态电解质在电池应用中的潜力。
Investigating the ion conductivity and synthesis conditions of calcium monocarborane solid-state electrolytes†
Multivalent-ion and all-solid-state batteries have emerged as potential solutions to address resource concerns and safety issues. Calcium is a promising element for multivalent-ion batteries owing to its abundance in the Earth's crust and low reduction potential. In addition, complex hydrides exhibit both high ion conductivity and reduction stability, making them suitable materials for solid-state ion conductors. In this study, we investigated the thermal stability and optimised the synthesis conditions of calcium monocarborane, namely, Ca(CB11H12)2, which is a closo-type calcium complex hydride. In addition, we conducted electrochemical analysis to assess its performance as a solid-state divalent-ion conductor. The results indicate that a heat-treatment temperature of 433 K provides Ca(CB11H12)2 with higher ion conductivity (σ = 1.42 × 10−4 S cm−1) than the other heating temperatures. Thus, 433 K is considered optimal because [CB11H12]− anions decompose when heat-treated at and above 453 K. Furthermore, the insertion and deinsertion of Ca2+ ions are stable and reversible in symmetric cells employing Ca–Sn alloy electrodes, representing the first time this has been observed for an inorganic solid-state calcium-ion conductor. Such insertion and deinsertion highlight the potential of Ca(CB11H12)2 as a solid-state electrolyte for battery applications.